测土配方施肥对水蜜桃桃园土壤理化性质和果实品质的影响  

Effects of Formulated Fertilization on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Fruit Quality of 'Ball Peach'

作　　者：罗庆华 唐敦义 曹庆良 梁东[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都市龙泉驿区土肥站,四川成都610100 [2]四川农业大学果蔬研究所,四川雅安625000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第22期113-119,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：农业部全国测土配方施肥资助项目(农办财[2009]32号)

摘　　要：以水蜜桃品种"皮球桃"为试材,采用正交实验设置9组配方施肥方案,研究了不同施肥处理对土壤理化性质和果实品质的影响,以期获得改善土壤理化性质和果实品质的最佳施肥配方。结果表明:在各处理基肥、萌芽肥配方相同的情况下,处理6(株施入硬核肥磷酸一铵0.8kg+尿素0.2kg和采前肥硫酸钾1.75kg),处理8(株施入硬核肥磷酸一铵1.1kg+尿素0.2kg和采前肥硫酸钾1.45kg),处理9(株施入硬核肥磷酸一铵1.1kg+尿素0.2kg和采前肥硫酸钾1.75kg)能显著改善土壤理化性质和果实品质;667 m^2施入(50株)基肥干鸡粪300~375kg+过磷酸钙100~150kg+尿素12.5~17.5kg+硫酸钾50.0~62.5kg、萌芽肥尿素12.5kg+硼砂7.5kg、硬核肥磷酸一铵40~55kg+尿素10kg和采前肥硫酸钾72.5~87.5kg效果最佳。＇Ball peach＇ was used as test materials,the effect of different fertilizer treatments on soil physicochemical properties and fruit quality were studied with the way of setting up 9 formula fertilization scheme.Using the orthogonal experiment group in order to find out the optimum fertilizer formula for improving soil chemical properties and fruit quality.The results showed that soil physicochemical properties and fruit quality were significantly improved by the 6 treatment fertilized ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8 kg＋urea 0.2 kg to fertilizer of stone hardening stage and potassium sulphate 1.75 kg before picking per plant,the 8 treatment fertilized ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 1.1 kg＋urea 0.2 kg to fertilizer of stone hardening stage and potassium sulphate 1.45 kg before picking per plant,the 9 treatment fertilized ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 1.1 kg＋urea 0.2 kg to fertilizer of stone hardening stage and potassium sulphate 1.75 kg before picking per plant;the fertilization scheme which had the best effect was base fertilizer dried chicken manure 300-375 kg＋calcium superphosphate 100-150 kg＋urea 12.5-17.5 kg＋potassium sulphate 50.0-62.5 kg,urea 12.5 kg＋borax 7.5 kg at sprouting,ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 40-55 kg＋urea10 kg making stone solid,potassium sulphate 72.5-87.5 kg before picking per 667 m^2（50 plants）.

关 键 词：测土配方 “皮球桃” 土壤理化性质 果实品质 

分 类 号：S662.106.1[农业科学—果树学]