回顾与思考:美国竞技体育成长因素及其特征  

Review and Reflection: Factors and Characteristics of Competitive Sports in the United States

作　　者：彭国强 舒盛芳[2] 经训成[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院,江苏南京210014 [2]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [3]曲阜师范大学公体部,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2017年第5期28-36,共9页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助项目(16YJC890018);国家体育总局体育哲学社会科学研究项目(2358SS16095);山东省社会科学规划研究项目(12CTYJ09);2017年江苏省高校青蓝工程资助项目

摘　　要：运用文献资料法、历史分析法、访谈法等研究方法,对美国竞技体育成长因素及其特征进行了深度剖析。在回顾美国竞技体育的社会化管理模式、体教结合的人才培养机制、大学生体育联合会(NCAA)管理体制、职业体育联盟制度设计等因素的基础上,认为健全的制度治理体制是美国竞技体育成长的基础;职业体育价值观念与自由教育理念的互动融合是美国竞技体育成长的根本;有效发挥多元主体协同共管共治是维持美国竞技体育成长活力的保障;职业体育"联盟体制"的战略顶层设计是美国竞技体育成长的动力;多方联通的组织运行机制是维持美国竞技体育持续成长的通道。提出健全我国竞技体育制度治理体制、推动竞技体育与学校教育深度融合、发挥竞技体育领域的多元主体协同共管共治、推进职业体育市场化改革、打造我国职业体育"联盟体制"等建议。By methods of literature, historical analysis, interview, etc. , this research has a deep study on the growth factors and characteristics of competitive sports. In retrospect of the competitive sports socialization management mode ,the personnel training mechanism combining sports and education, the management system uf the uniwrsity sports federation （NCAA）, professional sports league system design etc. ,it argues that a sound management system is the basis of the growth of competitive sports in the United States. The idea of liberal education and professional sports values interactive fusion are the foundation of the growth of the competitive sports. The effective function of multiple subjects＇ coordinated co-administration and collegiality work is the guarantee of maintaining the growth vigor of the competitive sports. The strategic top-level design of ＂professional sports league system＂ is the growing power of the competitive sports. The multiparty communication operation mechanism is the channel to maintain the continued growth of competitive sports. It proposes that we should perfect our competitive sports management system, promote deep integration of competitive sports and school education, develop multiple subjects＇ coordinated co-administration and collegiality work in the field of competitive sports, promote market-oriented reform of professional sports ,establish the alliance system of professional sports in China,and so on.

关 键 词：美国 竞技体育 体育大国 成长因素 成长特征 制度治理 

分 类 号：G80-051[文化科学—运动人体科学]