复合静电纺超细聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的制备  

Preparation of ultrafine polyacrylonitrile nanofibers via composite electrospinning

作　　者：李晴碧 刘琴 顾迎春[1] 彭旭 李静静 蒋洁[1] 陈胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学轻纺与食品学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《纺织学报》2017年第11期16-21,26,共7页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2017GZ0429);四川大学大学生创新训练项目(201610610662)

摘　　要：为获得比常规静电纺丝纤维直径更细的聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维,采用复合静电纺丝方法制备了聚丙烯腈/醋酸丁酸纤维素(PAN/CAB)复合纳米纤维,再溶解掉复合纳米纤维中的CAB组分,得到超细PAN纳米纤维并对其进行氨基化改性后用于吸附直接红23(DR23)染料。研究了PAN和CAB的混合比例、纺丝溶液质量分数和纺丝液挤出速度3个因素对所得PAN纳米纤维直径的影响,并比较了常规静电纺和复合静电纺制备出的PAN纳米纤维改性后的染料吸附量。实验结果表明:该方法制得的PAN纳米纤维的平均直径在50~80 nm范围内,其中当PAN和CAB的质量比为15∶85、纺丝溶液质量分数为15%、纺丝液挤出速度为1.5 m L/h、纺丝电压为10 k V、接收距离为20 cm时,得到的PAN纳米纤维的平均直径为50 nm;改性后纳米纤维对DR23的平衡吸附量达833 mg/g。In order to obtain polyacrylonitrile（ PAN） nanofibers with smaller diameter than those obtained by conventional electrospinning method,the polyacrylonitrile/cellulose acetate butyrate（ PAN/CAB） composite nanofibers were prepared by composite electrospinning followed by removing CAB to obtain the final ultrafine PAN nanofibers,and then modified by amine compounds for adsorption of Direct Red 23（ DR23）. The influences of the blend ratio of PAN and CAB（ PAN/CAB）,the concentration of spinning solution and the spinning jet velocity on the diameters of PAN nanofibers were discussed. The results show that the average diameters of the PAN nanofibers prepared by this method range from 50 to80 nm,and the smallest average diameter is 50 nm when the mass ratio of PAN/CAB is 15 ∶ 85,concentration of spinning solution is 15%,spinning jet velocity is 1. 5 m L/h,spinning voltage is 10 k V,and the receiving distance is 20 cm. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of ultrafine PAN nanofibers after modification is 833 mg/g.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈 复合静电纺 超细纳米纤维 醋酸丁酸纤维素 相分离 染料吸附 

分 类 号：TS102.6[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]