新疆北部棉花黄萎病菌培养特性、致病型、致病性分化及ISSR遗传变异研究  

The Monitoring of Cultural Characteristics,Pathotype,Pathogenicity Differentiation and ISSR Genetic Variation of Verticillium Dahliae Isolates from Cotton in Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：刘廷利[1] 惠慧 阚家亮 卢轩宇 花晟 范春晨 凌溪铁 王金彦[1] 陈天子[1] 杨郁文[1] 艾尼江[2] 赵建军[2] 张保龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院/江苏省农业生物学重点实验室,南京210014 [2]新疆兵团石河子棉花研究所,新疆石河子832011

出　　处：《棉花学报》2017年第6期541-549,共9页Cotton Science

基　　金：江苏省杰出青年基金(BK20160016);江苏省自然科学基金青年基金(BK20140743);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671980);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(31401694);科技支疆项目(2013AB004)

摘　　要：【目的】明确当前新疆北部棉区黄萎病菌菌系变异和致病力分析情况。【方法】从新疆北部植棉区获得17个棉花黄萎病菌单孢菌系,对其培养特性、致病型、致病力以及ISSR遗传变异进行了研究。【结果】供试17个菌株全部为菌核型,其中落叶型菌系(Defoliating type,D型)有13个,占76.5%;非落叶型菌系(Non-defoliating type,ND型)有4个,占23.5%;D型平均病指(58.72)略高于ND型平均病指(52.7)。在泗棉3号上D型平均病指高于ND型,而在奥3503上D型平均致病力低于ND型。供试菌株按强、中、弱三个致病力类型划分,分别占94.12%、5.88%和0%。ISSR遗传分化与致病型具有一定的相关性,大部分的D型和ND型处于各自不同分支。研究结果还发现,同一地块分离的菌株xj13-3(1)、xj13-3(2)和xj13-3(3)虽同为D型,但ISSR标记可将3个菌株分到不同的亚群上。【结论】试验结果表明了新疆北部棉花黄萎病菌遗传变异关系的复杂性。[Objective] This research focused on determining the strains variation and pathogenic differentiation of Verticillium dahliae from cotton in north of Xinjiang. [Method] Seventeen Verticillium dahliae single spore strains were recovered from cotton in northern Xinjiang. Cultural characteristics, pathotype, pathogenicity and ISSR genetic variation of these strains were studied. [Result] The results indicated that all the examined strains were sclerotia type and the defoliating and non-defoliating strains accounted for 76.5% and 23.5%, respectively. The average disease index of defoliating strains（58.72） was slightly higher than non-defoliating strains（52.7）. Comparing with nondefoliating strains, defoliating strains had higher disease index on Simian3 cultivar and lower disease index on Ao 3503. Based on average disease index, the tested isolates could be divided into strong pathogenic type, middle pathogenic type and weak pathogenic type. No strains were weak pathogenicity, while the strong pathogenic strains and middle strains occupied for 94.12% and 5.88%, respectively. The genetic variation of these isolates was wide from ISSR fingerprint analysis and had certain correlation to pathotype. Most of the defoliating strains and non-defoliating strains were in different clades, respectively. The results also showed three defoliating strains xj13-3（1）, xj13-3（2） and xj13-3（3）isolated from the same field were in different sub-clades. [Conclusion] These results indicate complicated genetic variation of Verticillium dahliae in northern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：大丽轮枝菌 致病力分化 培养性状 落叶型 非落叶型 

分 类 号：S435.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]