成人高血压和高血压前期影响因素研究  

A study on risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension among adults in Xishan District

作　　者：李杰[1] 顾月[1] 

机构地区：[1]无锡市锡山区疾病预防控制中心,江苏无锡214000

出　　处：《预防医学》2017年第12期1207-1212,共6页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

摘　　要：目的了解成人高血压和高血压前期的流行现状及影响因素,为制定高血压防制措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,对锡山区8个街道(乡镇)5 472名≥18岁常住居民开展人口学特征和生活方式问卷调查及身高、体重、腰围和血压测量等体格检查,采用多分类Logistic回归模型分析高血压和高血压前期患病的影响因素。结果发放问卷5 472份,回收有效问卷5 111份,有效率为93.40%。高血压前期检出率为44.00%,标化率为43.72%;高血压患病率为24.09%,标化患病率为23.17%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄(OR=1.027,95%CI:1.021~1.033)、男性(OR=1.894,95%CI:1.601~2.241)、腰围大(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.049~1.075)和高BMI(OR=1.271,95%CI:1.106~1.461)是高血压前期的危险因素;高龄(OR=1.101,95%CI:1.093~1.109)、男性(OR=1.467,95%CI:1.157~1.860)、腰围大(OR=1.103,95%CI:1.086~1.120)、高BMI(OR=1.735,95%CI:1.449~2.078)、每天饮酒(OR=1.522,95%CI:1.066~2.174)和高血压家族史(OR=2.823,95%CI:2.305~3.459)是高血压的危险因素;家庭收入高、多参加体育锻炼、多吃水果是高血压前期和高血压的保护因素。结论男性、高龄、超重或肥胖人群是锡山区高血压防制的重点人群,应加强高血压前期筛查和生活方式健康教育干预。Objective To learn the prevalence and related factors of hypertension and prehypertension among adults inXishan District of Wuxi City, and to provide scientific evidence for further prevention and control. MethodsQuestionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted among the 5 472 community residents aged 18 and abovewho were selected from eight towns in Xishan District by multistage stratified random cluster sampling. Multinomial logisticregression analysis was used to study the risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension. Results A total of 5 472questionnaires were issued and5 111 valid questionnaires were received,with a response rate of 93.40%. The prevalencerate of prehypertension was 44.00%,and the standardized rate was 43.72%. The prevalence rate of hypertension was24.09%,and the standardized rate was 23.17%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age（OR=1.027,95%CI：1.021~1.033）,male （OR=1.894,95%CI：1.601~2.241 ）,waistline （OR=1.062,95%CI：1.049~1.075） and BMI（OR=1.271,95%CI：1.106~1.461 ） were risk factors for prehypertension. Furthermore,age （OR=1.101,95%CI：1.093~1.109 ）,male （OR=1.467,95%CI：1.157~1.860 ）,waistline （OR=1.103,95%CI：1.086~1.120） and BMI（OR=1.735,95%CI：1.449 ~ 2.078）,daily drinking（OR=1.522,95% CI：1.066 ~ 2.174） and family history ofhypertension （OR=2.823,95%CI：2.305~3.459 ） were risk factors for hypertension. High family income,more physicalexercise and fruit were the protection of prehypertension and hypertension. Conclusion Male,advanced age,overweightor obesity were the focus of prevention and treatment of hypertension. Prehypertension screening and healthy lifestyle werebeneficial to reduce the risk of hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 高血压前期 影响因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]