两种风险评估模型在多个行业职业健康风险评估的应用  

Application of two health risk assessment models in the occupational health risk assessment of chemicals in different industries

作　　者：周莉芳[1] 张美辨[1] 邹华[1] 袁伟明[1] 全长健[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《预防医学》2017年第12期1217-1222,共6页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：浙江省卫生高层次创新人才培养工程项目

摘　　要：目的评价新加坡风险评估模型和罗马尼亚风险评估模型在职业健康风险评估应用的适用性。方法应用2种风险评估模型对造纸、化工和电镀行业重点岗位进行风险评估,采用风险比值比较不同行业职业健康风险,并与职业接触限值、职业病危害作业分级和文献报道进行比较。结果新加坡风险评估模型评估结果显示,造纸行业风险等级为低~中等风险,风险比值为0.42±0.04;化工行业风险等级为可忽略~低风险,风险比值为0.31±0.10;电镀行业风险等级为低~极高风险,风险比值为0.62±0.15。罗马尼亚风险评估模型评估结果显示,造纸行业风险等级为低~高风险,风险比值为0.46±0.13;化工行业风险等级为最低~低风险,风险比值为0.38±0.08;电镀行业风险等级为低~非常高风险,风险比值为0.52±0.11。化工和造纸行业风险比值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),电镀行业风险比值高于化工行业(P<0.05);2种模型评估所得风险比值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。造纸、化工和电镀行业场所空气中化学物浓度超标率分别为0.00%、7.70%和8.00%。结论新加坡风险评估模型和罗马尼亚风险评估模型均适用于造纸、化工和电镀等行业职业健康风险评估,风险评估结果基本一致。Objective To explore the applicability of Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment mode and Romania riskassessment model in occupational health risk assessment. Methods We employed two risk assessment models to evaluate therisk of key positions in papermaking factories,electroplating factories,and chemical factories. Then we compared the resultswith occupational exposure limits,classification of occupational hazards and literature reports. Results The results ofSingapore model showed that the total risk ratio was 0.40±0.16. The risk levels of papermaking factories,electroplatingfactories,and chemical factories were low-medium,negligible-low and low-very high,respectively. The risk ratio of threeindustries were 0.42±0.04,0.31±0.10 and 0.62±0.15. The results of Romania model showed that the total risk ratio was0.43±0.11. The risk levels of papermaking factories,electroplating factories,and chemical factories were respectivelylow-high,minimal-low and low-very high. The risk ratio of three industries was 0.46±0.13,0.38±0.08 and 0.52±0.11,respectively. The risk levels of electroplating factories were higher than papermaking factories and chemical factories （P〈0.05） . There was no significant difference between risk levels of papermaking factories and chemical factories（P〉0.05） .There was significant difference between the occupational health risk levels assessed by the two models（P〉0.05） .Conclusion These findings suggest that Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment model and Romania risk assessmentmodel both can be applied for the occupational health risk assessment of different workplaces,such as papermaking factories,electroplating factories,and chemical factories. The risk assessment results of the two methods are basically identical.

关 键 词：风险评估 职业健康 新加坡风险评估模型 罗马尼亚风险评估模型 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]