甲基营养菌代谢网络途径和代谢工程改造的研究进展  

Advances in metabolic network pathways and metabolic engineering of methylotrophic bacteria

作　　者：杨靖 陈文静 张敏[1,2] 袁肖杰[1,2] 杨益明 朱丽萍 杨松 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学生命科学学院,山东青岛266109 [2]青岛农业大学山东省应用真菌重点实验室,山东青岛266109 [3]青岛农业大学青岛生物沼气环境微生物国际合作基地,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2017年第6期9-16,共8页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金重点培育项目(U1462109);山东省重点研发计划(2016GSF121010);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2013CM024)

摘　　要：一碳化合物(甲醇或甲烷)高值化转化是当前生物工程领域的重要研究热点。甲基营养菌是一类以甲醇为碳源和能源生长的革兰氏阴性菌,随着基因组测序的开展和各类组学技术的发展,以扭脱甲基杆菌为代表的甲基营养菌的中心代谢网络途径和相关功能基因逐渐明晰。近年来,甲基营养菌中包括基因过表达、基因敲除整合等遗传操作工具的完善以及各种基因调控元件的开发,为甲基营养菌的底盘改造和异源途径优化表达提供了重要基础,国内外的研究推动了甲醇转化成多种高附加值产品。此外,人们渴望利用传统基因工程菌作为底盘构建合成型甲基菌,以期更高效实现甲醇催化转化。本文中,笔者综述了目前甲基营养菌,尤其是扭脱甲基杆菌的代谢网络特点、代谢工程改造策略与应用以及构建合成型甲基细菌这3个方面的研究进展,以期为甲基微生物催化转化的研究提供借鉴。Efficient conversion of a carbon compound （methanol or methane） is of important researchinterest in the field of bioengineering.Methylotrophs are gram negative organisms using C1 compoundssuch as methane and methanol as the sole carbon and energy source.With the development of genomesequencing and various omics technologies,the central metabolic network pathway and related functionalgenes of methylotrophs,represented by Methylobacterium extorquens,are clearly shown.More recently,theimprovement of genetic manipulation tools such as gene overexpression and gene knockout,and variousgene regulatory elements,provide important basis for methylotrophic chassis modification and optimizationof heterologous expression.Researches promoted the conversion of methanol into a variety of value-addedproducts.In addition,people are eager to use the traditional genetic engineering bacteria as a chassis tobuild synthetic methylotrophs, in order to achieve more efficient methanol catalytic conversion. In this paper,the characteristics of metabolic network, metabolic engineering strategyand the construction ofsynthetic methylotrophs are summarized.

关 键 词：甲基营养菌 代谢工程 代谢网络途径 合成型甲基细菌 甲醇 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学] Q819