高羊茅不同基因型在2个施肥水平和2个收割留茬高度下种子生产性能的比较——Ⅱ产量与产量构成因子的比较  

Compared Seed Production of Tall Fescue Genotypes under Two Fertilizer Application Rates and Two Swathing Stubble Heights——Ⅱ.Compared Yield of Filled Seeds and Its Components

作　　者：李彩霞[1] 陈丽君 何亚丽[1] 李俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [2]嘉定区农业技术推广服务中心,上海201800

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2016年第6期37-43,共7页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：上海市农委科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2013)第1-1号]

摘　　要：于2014至2015年间在上海闵行地区对高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb)8个基因型实施了2个施肥水平和2个收割高度的田间试验[1],对饱满种子产量及其构成因子进行了比较,并研究了两者之间的关系。试验结果表明,施肥能显著提高有效分蘖数(生殖枝密度),对粒重影响不显著,而对饱满籽粒产量的影响程度随基因型的不同而异。不同的收割高度处理对粒重的影响不显著。籽粒产量及其组成因子性状的平均数在不同基因型材料间差异显著。在高肥水平下,2个高产无性系‘TF36’和‘TF09’的饱满籽粒产量水平达到1 781和1 530kg/hm^2,4个粒重较大基因型‘TF06’、‘ST03’、‘TF09’和对照‘Plantation’的饱满籽粒千粒重达到2.0~2.7g。饱满籽粒产量与有效分蘖密度(穗数)、穗粒数的偏回归关系均显著,但与粒重的偏回归关系不显著。推论上海地区高羊茅种子高产技术的部分要点是秋施N-P_2O_5-K_2O为131-131-131kg/hm^2的复合肥和在人工收获条件下割穗(而非全株)收获籽粒。A field experiment of two fertilizer application rates and two swathing stubble heights was conducted in eight genotypes of tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2014 to 2015.Yield of filled seeds and its components were compared and their relations between the yield and each of the components were analyzed.Results from this experiment showed that fertilization significantly increased number of fertile tillers,but did not influence seed weight significantly while the increased degree of yield of filled-seeds due to fertilization varied with genotypes.The effect of different harvesting stubble heights on seed weight was not significant.Means of yield of filled-seeds and its components were significantly different among genotypes.Two clones with high yields of filled-seeds,‘TF36'and‘TF09',obtained the yields of 1 781 and 1 530kg/hm^2 respectively under the fertilization.Four genotypes,‘TF06',‘ST03',‘TF09'and ‘Plantation',gained high weights of 1000-filled-seed from^2.0to 2.7g.The partial regression relations of filled seed yield to number of fertile tillers and number of filled-seed per panicle were respectively significant,but not significant to weight of 1000-filled-seeds.It is concluded that application of N-P_2O_5-K_2O at rate of 131-131-13kg/hm^2 and harvesting seed head(not whole plant)under manual harvesting conditions are some of the main technical points for high seed production in tall fescue in Shanghai.

关 键 词：高羊茅 无性系 施肥量 收割高度 饱满籽粒产量 产量构成因素 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]