酸化相发酵类型对甲烷相产甲烷性能的影响  

Effects of fermentation type of acidogenic phase on biomethane yield of methanogenic phase

作　　者：陈雪 李秀金 张文海 张立东 朱海燕 刘研萍 袁海荣 庞云芝 浦鹏 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学资源与环境研究中心,北京100029 [2]国峰清源生物能源有限责任公司,北京100020

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第11期6007-6013,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2014BAC24B01;2014BAL05B03;2015BAD21B03)

摘　　要：以餐厨垃圾和稻草为原料,通过调节酸化相的pH、氧化还原电位(ORP)和进料负荷(OLR),对酸化相的产酸发酵类型和不同酸化类型的产甲烷性能进行了研究。结果表明:当酸化相的pH<4.5和ORP<-120 m V的条件下,发酵类型为乙醇型;当酸化相的pH>5.5时,发酵类型为丁酸型发酵;在乙醇型发酵和丁酸型发酵相互转换的过程中,会出现混合型发酵。从酸化效果方面来看,丁酸型发酵的产酸性能最优,酸化度为36%。同时,丁酸型发酵酸化产物的产甲烷性能最好,累计甲烷产率为535 m L·g-1VS。通过PCR-DGGE的微生物菌群鉴定结果可知,在两相厌氧消化过程中,酸化相中的优势菌种主要以拟杆菌属(Bacteroidetes)和乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)为主,甲烷相中的优势菌种以乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)为主。The different acidifying fermentation type and the corresponding performance of methane yield were researched by controlling pH, oxidation-reduction potential （ORP） and organic loading rate （OLR） in acidogenic phase of digesting food waste and rice straw. The results showed that the ethanol-type fermentation was oc- curred at pH 〈4.5 and ORP 〈 -120 mV. At pH 〉5.5, the butyric acid-type fermentation was appeared. A mixed type fermentation was found in the transformation between butyric acid-type fermentation and ethanol-type fermentation. The best acidifying performance was butyric acid-type fermentation with the acidification degree of 36%. Meanwhile, the maximum total methane production of 535 mL · g-1VS was obtained from digestion of the effluent of R2. Through the analysis results of PCR-DGGE, the advantage bacteria were Baeteroidetes and Lacto- bacillus in acidogenic phase, and Lactobacillus in methanogenic phase.

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 稻草 两相厌氧消化 微生物种群结构 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]