溶剂热法制备Fe_3O_4纳米粒子的研究进展  

Advance in preparation of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles by solvothermal method

作　　者：吕龙飞 廖俊杰[1] 刘洋[1] 李利红 郭晓琴 赵妮 常丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学煤科学与技术省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,山西太原030024

出　　处：《化工进展》2017年第B11期326-331,共6页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51372161 21406151)

摘　　要：四氧化三铁是一种重要的功能材料,因其具有优异的磁性能和较高的化学稳定性而被广泛应用于水体净化、磁流体和靶向药物等领域。四氧化三铁的合成方法主要有共沉淀法、热分解法、微乳液法及溶剂热法。其中,溶剂热法因流程简单、所得产物形貌多样、规整度高而得到广泛关注。该法所用的溶剂、矿化剂、表面活性剂等对Fe_3O_4纳米粒子的形貌及性能有较大影响。基于此,本文对溶剂热法制备Fe_3O_4纳米粒子进行了回顾,阐述了溶剂热法合成空心Fe_3O_4纳米粒子的机理。结果表明:在合成过程中,溶剂不仅作为还原剂,还提供合成所需的液相环境;矿化剂可促使铁前体的溶解,从而保证合成反应顺利进行;表面活性剂可与Fe_3O_4晶面作用,其种类和浓度不同,作用的晶面不同,进而诱导Fe_3O_4生长为不同形貌的纳米粒子。最后,本文对溶剂热法合成Fe_3O_4纳米粒子今后的发展趋势进行了展望,指出在空心Fe_3O_4纳米粒子的基础上,通过选择黏度较大的溶剂和表面活性剂合成多层壳状Fe_3O_4纳米粒子是研究者努力的方向。Fe304 is an excellent functional material widely applied to water purification, magnetic fluid, targeted drugs, etc. due to excellent magnetic property and high chemical stability. The main synthetic methods include coprecipitation, thermal decomposition, micro-emulsion and solvothermal method. The solvotherrnal method, benefiting from diverse products varying in shapes and appearances, high regularity and simple procedures, gains the most popularity. The solvent, mineralizer and surfactant applied in this method have relatively great impact on the shape, appearance and performance of Fe304 nano particle. In such context, in the paper, the preparation procedures of Fe304 nano particle by use of the solvothermal method has been described, based on which the mechanism for synthesis of hollow Fe304 nano particle by the solvothermal method has also been expounded. In conclusion, the solvent serves as the reductive agent while providing necessary liquid-phase environment for the synthesis; the mineralizer facilitates the dissolution of iron precursor thus ensuring the smooth proceeding of the synthetic reaction~ the shapes and appearances of Fe304 nano particle vary with the types, concentrations of the surfactants, and acting FeaO4 crystal faces. In the end, the author has looked to the develoDment trend of the synthesis of Fe3O4 nano particle bv use of the solvothermal method. Onthe basis of hollow Fe3O4, the researcher＇s focus is on how to synthesize multilayered crustiform Feo OA nano particle bv use of high-viscosity solvent and surfactant.

关 键 词：溶剂热法 四氧化三铁 粒子 晶面 合成 纳米材料 

分 类 号：O611.4[理学—无机化学]