马克思对黑格尔偶然性论题的继承与超越  

Marx's Inheritance and Transcendence of Hegel's Concept of Contingency

作　　者：颜岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学哲学院

出　　处：《哲学研究》2017年第11期11-17,共7页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：本文梳理了黑格尔和马克思的偶然性论题,认为二者尽管都同时肯定和批判偶然性,却存在重要差异。黑格尔过分强调必然性,从而忽略了偶然性的发展逻辑和特殊本质;马克思继承了黑格尔的部分思想,但在诸多方面超越了黑格尔的理论视界:马克思将视域从认识论拓展至存在论,将理论思辨转为现实关注,将绝对必然论转为历史可能论,将逻辑预设论转为经验实证分析,特别是通过批判"偶然的人"而将矛头指向资本主义制度,从而走向了革命实践。This paper examines the concept of contingency in Hegel and Marx,who both pointed out that contingency has positive and negative aspects.Nevertheless,their views have certain substantial discrepancies.In Hegel's philosophy,necessity plays such a tremendous role that contingency cannot have its own development and essence.As for Marx,on the one hand he expanded his field of vision from epistemology to ontology,and from theoretical speculation to social reality;as such,contingency can be understood as historical possibility instead of as coercive necessity,and can be empirically analyzed instead of being treated as a logical presupposition.On the other hand,by criticizing the concept of the contingent individual,Marx critiqued capitalist institutions and moved toward a revolutionary praxis.

关 键 词：偶然性 偶然的人 黑格尔 马克思 超越 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]