重庆玄参叶部病害的发生危害及药剂防治效果  

Damage and Control of The 3 Types Leaf Disease on Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.

作　　者：吴中宝[1] 杨成前[1] 邓才富[1] 全建[1] 余中莲 杨天建[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市药物种植研究所,重庆南川408400

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2017年第11期1595-1598,共4页Modern Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：目的:通过对玄参斑点病、斑枯病、轮纹病3种叶部病害的发生为害调查及药剂防治研究,探索其发病规律及防治药剂的筛选,为其综合防治提供依据。方法:在重庆主要玄参产区,对叶部病害进行田间调查和药剂防治试验。结果:玄参叶部病害田间病株率达100%,平均病叶率和病情指数分别为41.2%、59.3%,其中斑点病的田间危害程度最高,病株率、病叶率和病情指数分别达42%、65.7%、72.6%;玄参叶部病害危害随着种植密度增加而增加,危害程度依次为:4000株/亩>3000株/亩>2000株/亩;玄参叶部病害发生及危害程度与种植方式相关,以连作方式平均病情指数最高达45.03%,轮作与生荒地种植方式较低。药剂防治试验结果表明氟硅唑(400 g·L-1)乳油1000倍液防治叶部病害效果最好,田间防效达74.3%。结论:3种叶部病害均有发生危害,以斑点病危害最为严重,利用氟硅唑(400 g·L-1)乳油进行防治,具有较好的田间防治效果。Objective： To study the damage of the 3 types leaf disease on S. ningpoensis in Chongqing province and con- trol efficiency of various bactericide, so as to provide scientific basis for its integrated pests management （IPM）. Methods： In the main cultivation regions of Chongqing province, the leaf disease were the field investigated, and the efficiency of controlling the disease with 5 bactericide. Results： Disease plant rate was 100%, the average disease leaf rate and disease index were 41.2% and 59. 3%. The damage rate of leaf spot was much higher than that of the other two leaf disease. The average disease plant rate, disease leaf rate and disease index were 42% , 65.7% and 72. 6%. The damage rate of the fields which had con- tinuous cropping was much higher than that of the other. There is obvious relationship between the planting density and the dam- age degree. The damage degree of leaf disease increased with the increasing of planting density. The result of five Bactericides a- gainst leaf spot disease in field trim showed that the controlling effect of flusilazole EC （400 g · L-l ） 1000 times were 74. 3%. Conclusion ： The damage degree of 3 types leaf disease were much higher. Its harm was serious with Leaf spot. The use of flusi- lazole （ 400 g · L - 1 ） respectively control.

关 键 词：玄参 叶部病害 发生危害 防治效果 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]