高温季节饥饿后补偿摄食对团头鲂幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道消化酶活性及肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Compensatory Feeding after Starvation on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities and Hepatic Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Blunt Snout Bream( Megalobrama amblycephal) in Summer

作　　者：苏艳莉 戈贤平[1] 孙盛明[2] 朱健[3] 张武肖 余含[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心农业部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,无锡214081 [3]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,无锡214081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2017年第11期4198-4206,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2017JBFM02);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20151103);十二五国家科技支撑计划"长江下游池塘高效生态养殖技术集成与示范"(2012BAD25B07)

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨高温季节饥饿后补偿摄食对团头鲂幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道消化酶活性及肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响。试验设计5个组,分别为饥饿0、5、10、15、20 d后再补偿摄食3周,依次标记为S0(对照)、S5、S10、S15、S20组。选择初始均重为(22.03±0.04)g的团头鲂幼鱼270尾,随机分入这5组,每组3个重复,每个重复18尾。结果显示:1)S10组试验鱼末体均重、增重率、特定生长率和饲料效率均达到最高,且补偿摄食期间其日摄食量和饲料效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),说明团头鲂幼鱼补偿生长是通过提高摄食率和饲料效率共同实现的。2)S5、S10组血清甘油三酯水平显著低于其他组(P<0.05),而S20组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著高于其他组(P<0.05),说明饥饿时间过长鱼体肝脏受到一定程度损伤;血清中其他生化指标如葡萄糖、总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇水平和谷丙转氨酶活性在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)补偿摄食后,S15组肠道脂肪酶活性显著高于其他组(P<0.05);S20组肠道蛋白酶活性显著高于其他组(除S5组外)(P<0.05),说明饥饿时间过长在补偿摄食后鱼体内蛋白质消化能力增强。4)各饥饿后补偿摄食组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(除S5、S20组外)和过氧化氢酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而S20组肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著低于其他饥饿后补偿摄食组(P<0.05),说明饥饿时间过长对机体抗氧化能力的恢复有所影响。由此可见,在本试验中,高温季节团头鲂幼鱼饥饿10 d后补偿摄食3周,补偿生长效果达到最佳,鱼体免疫与抗氧化能力也得到一定增强。A feeding trial w as conducted to investigate the effects of compensatory feeding after starvation on grow th performance,serum biochemical indexes,intestinal digestive enzyme activities and hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities of juvenile blunt snout bream（ Megalobrama amblycephal） in summer. Five groups w ere designed,they w ere hungering 0,5,10,15,20 days and then refeeding 3 w eeks,w hich w ere marked as S0（ control）,S5,S10,S15 and S20 groups,respectively. Two hundred and seventy juvenile blunt snout breams w ith an average body w eight of（ 22.03 ± 0.04） g w ere randomly divided into 5 groups w ith 3 replicates in each group and 18 fish in each replicate. The results show ed as follow s： 1） the final fish w eight,w eight gain rate,specific grow th rate and feed efficiency ratio w ere the highest in S10 group and the daily feed intake and feed efficiency ratio in S10 group w ere significantly increased compared w ith control group（ P〈0.05）,w hich indicated that the compensatory grow th of juvenile blunt snout breams w as accomplished through increasing feeding rate and feed efficiency ratio. 2） The levels of triglycerides in S5 and S10 groups w as significantly low er than that in other groups（ P〈0.05）; how ever,the activity of serum aspartate transaminase in S20 group w as significantly higher than that in other groups（ P〈0.05）,w hich indicated that long-term starvation may damage the liver. No significant differences w ere detected among the groups in serum glucose,total protein,albumin,total cholesterol contents and alanine aminotransferase activity（ P〈0.05）. 3） After compensatory feeding,the intestinal lipase activity in S15 group w as significantly higher than that in other groups（ P〈0.05）,and the intestinal protease activity in S20 group w as significantly higher than that in other groups except S5 group（ P〈0. 05）,w hich indicated that compensatory feeding after long-term starvation may improve protein digestive ability in vivo. 4） The activitie

关 键 词：团头鲂 饥饿后补偿摄食 生长性能 血清生化指标 消化酶 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]