4种湿地植物对复合垂直流人工湿地N_2O排放的影响  

Effect of four kinds of wetland plants on N_2O emission from integrated vertical constructed wetland

作　　者：蒋旭瑶 田云飞[1] 黄德英[2] 郑潇威 祝栋林[3] 张继彪[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海200433 [2]复旦大学化学系,上海200433 [3]江苏省工程咨询中心,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第11期2859-2866,共8页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51308127)~~

摘　　要：采用静态箱-气相色谱法对4种植物(菖蒲、美人蕉、风车草和水葱)的复合垂直流人工湿地N_2O排放通量进行观测,并检测进出水总氮(TN)指标。研究结果表明:4种植物湿地TN去除率随着季节的变化趋势基本相同,先上升后波动下降,12月份和1月份达到最低,且风车草湿地TN去除率较高,为77.98%;菖蒲、水葱湿地的下行池排放通量比上行池的高,美人蕉湿地上行池排放通量比下行池的高,风车草湿地上、下行池排放量相差不大;风车草、菖蒲、美人蕉和水葱这4种植物湿地的N_2O平均排放通量分别为162.80,99.35,84.62和82.56μg/(m^2·h);复合垂直流人工湿地系统总体上表现为大气中N_2O的排放源,只有水葱湿地在12月份下半月表现为N_2O的弱吸收汇;菖蒲、美人蕉和水葱湿地的TN去除负荷与N_2O平均排放通量的比值KTN/N_2O随时间变化较大,风车草湿地K_(TN/N_2O)变化相对平缓,且较低;菖蒲、美人蕉湿地在11月份上半月以及水葱植物在12月份上半月的K_(TN/N_2O)较高,即在这些时间段内人工湿地菖蒲去除污水中相同量的TN,排放出的N_2O较少;在复合垂直流人工湿地污水处理植物选种中,菖蒲和美人蕉植物较合适。Four kinds of wetland plants named Acorus calamus L, Canna indica L, Scirpus validus Vahl and Cyperusalternifolius L were cultivated to evaluate N2O from integrated vertical constructed wetlands with static chamber-gaschromatograph. The results show that TN removal efficiencies for four plants are basically similar. TN removal efficiencyincreases from August and then decreases. The lowest TN removal efficiency is obtained in December and January. Thebest TN removal efficiency of these four kinds of wetlands is 77.98% when planted with Cyperus alternifolius L.N2Oemissions from Acorus calamus L, and Scirpus validus Vahl are higher from downflow tanks than that from upflowtanks.But N2O emissions from Canna indica L is lower from downflow tanks than that from upflow tanks. Cyperusalternifolius L has the highest average N2O emission of 162.80 μg/（m2·h）, followed by Acorus calamus L of 99.35μg/（m2·h）, Canna indica L of 84.62 μg/（m2·h） and Scirpus validus Vahl of 82.56 μg/（m2·h）. The integrated verticalconstructed wetland is the resource of N2O emission, and integrated vertical constructed wetland planted with Scirpusvalidus Vahl shows weak absorption in the second half of December. KTN/N2O （the ratio of TN removal efficiency to N2Oaverage flux） of Acorus calamus L, Canna indica L and Scirpus validus Vahl changes significantly with time compared toCyperus alternifolius L, which shows the lower KTN/N2O. KTN/N2O is lower when Acorus calamus L and Canna indica L arein the first half of November, Scirpus validus Vahl in the first half of December, which means they release lower N2Othan that in other time when they remove the same TN content. Acorus calamus L and Canna indica L are more favorablefor the integrated vertical constructed wetland.

关 键 词：复合垂直流人工湿地 湿地植物 N2O排放通量 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]