无底柱分段崩落法不同放矿方式下崩矿步距研究  

Study of best caving steps under different ore methods of sublevel caving

作　　者：金爱兵[1] 孙浩 孟新秋 高永涛[1] 吴琼 张光 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第11期3038-3044,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51374032;51674015);科技北京百名领军人才培养工程基金资助项目(Z151100000315014)~~

摘　　要：以梅山铁矿为研究对象,在分段高度×进路间距为18 m×20 m的大结构参数下,设置不同的步距,分别采用无贫化放矿、低贫化放矿和现行截止品位放矿3种方式进行相似材料模拟实验。结合PFC2D数值模拟,分别从正面和侧面2个方向对矿石回收及废石混入进行模拟分析。研究结果表明:无贫化放矿、低贫化放矿和截止品位放矿3种出矿方式的最优崩矿步距分别为4.5,3.8和3.8 m。无贫化放矿方式基本不破坏矿岩界面的完整性,减少矿岩的混杂机会,因而能最大限度地降低贫化;不同的放矿方式有不同最优放矿步距,当终止出矿时,步距较大,则混入废石主要来源于上部,正面残留较多;当步距较小时,正面废石会过早混入,整体回收率低;当步距适中时,正面废石和上部废石同时混入,回收效果较好。Choosing Meishan iron mine as the subject, similar material simulation experiments were conducted with largestructural parameters of 18 m×20 m. By setting up different caving steps, three caving methods, i.e., none dilutioncaving method, low dilution caving method and the current cutoff caving method under different caving steps, were used.Then, the details of ore recycling and rock mixing were simulated by using PFC2D numerical simulation software. Theresults show that the best caving step of these three caving methods are 4.5, 3.8 and 3.8 m, respectively. Non-dilutiondrawing mode essentially does not destroy the integrity of the ore mine rock interface, and reduces the opportunities formine rock hybrid, which can minimize dilution. Different methods have different optimal caving steps. When the cavingstep is large, waste rocks mixed in ore come from the upper and leave more positive residual. On the contrary, when thecaving step is small, waste rocks from the front firstly mix into ore, resulting in low recoveries. When the caving step ismedium, waste rocks from the front and up mix into ores at the same time, resulting in good recovery.

关 键 词：无底柱分段崩落 放矿方式 崩矿步距 相似材料模拟 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD85[矿业工程—金属矿开采]