半喂入四行花生联合收获机弹指筛结构运行参数优化  

Structure operation parameter optimization for elastic steel pole oscillating screen of semi-feeding four rows peanut combine harvester

作　　者：王冰[1] 胡志超[1] 彭宝良[1] 张延化[1] 顾峰玮[1] 施丽莉[1] 高学梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第21期20-28,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"花生智能化高效联合收获关键技术与装备研发"(2016YFD0702102);中国农科院创新工程(土下果实收获机械创新团队);中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项"半喂入花生联合收获大喂入量清选机理研究与机构优化"(S201703)

摘　　要：针对4HLB-4型半喂入四行高效花生联合收获清选环节含杂率高、损失率大、杂物堵塞等难题,创新设计了1种搭接式弹指振动筛,并开展3种传统筛体冲孔筛、编织筛、栅条筛和弹指筛的对比试验,试验结果表明弹指筛在大喂入量高效收获工况下清选效果较好。在单因素试验基础上,运用Box-Benhnken的中心组合试验方法,以弹指筛振动频率、弹指直径、弹指筛振幅和安装倾角作为影响因素,开展四因素三水平二次回归正交试验,运用响应曲面法来分析各因素对含杂率和损失率的影响效应,并对影响因素进行了优化。试验结果表明:含杂率影响显著性顺序为弹指筛振动频率(29)弹指直径(29)弹指筛振幅(29)安装倾角;损失率影响显著性顺序为弹指筛振幅(29)安装倾角(29)弹指筛振动频率(29)弹指直径;最优工作参数组合为弹指筛振动频率6 Hz、弹指直径3 mm、弹指筛振幅7 mm、安装倾角2.8?,对应的含杂率和损失率分别为2.41%、0.711%,且各评价指标与其理论优化值的相对误差均小于5%。研究结果可为4HLB-4型半喂入四行高效花生联合收获清选机构的完善设计和作业参数优化提供参考。4HLB-4 type semi-feeding four-row peanut combine harvester gets 2 ridges （4 rows） at one time, whose productive efficiency is 2 times more than the existing semi-feeding two-row peanut combine harvester. Bar strip screen, woven screen and perforated screen and other traditional screens are widely used in semi-feeding peanut combine harvesting, but in practice, it is found that the traditional screens can not meet the demand of changeable soil moisture content and the requirement of high efficiency. In the application of semi-feeding four-row peanut combine harvester, there are many problems such as high percentages of impurities and loss, and debris blockage. In order to overcome the above difficulties, a stacked elastic steel pole oscillating screen was designed in this paper, and it can transfer dynamic load to the elastic steel pole to motivate elastic vibration of itself, which has a very good breaking and flipping effect on the mixture of peanut and varia on the screen surface and is good for screening operation and improves screening quality and speed effectively. In this paper, the percentages of impurities and loss were taken as the evaluation indices, and the contrast tests for 3 kinds of traditional screens （bar strip screen, woven screen and perforated screen） and elastic steel pole oscillating screen were carried out when the operating speed was 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 m/s respectively. The test results showed that cleaning effect of elastic steel pole oscillating screen was better than the other 3 traditional screens in 3 operation speeds. Based on the single factor experiment, vibration frequency of elastic pole screen, diameter of elastic pole, altitude of elastic pole screen, mounting angle were selected as influencing factors. The four-factor three-level quadratic regression orthogonal test was carried out by using Box-Benhnken central composite test method. Two polynomial regression models about percentage of impurities and percentage of loss v.s. the 4 variables including vibration frequency o

关 键 词：农业机械 农作物 优化 花生 联合收获 清选 弹指筛 

分 类 号：S225.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]