复方中草药对凡纳滨对虾生长、消化酶和免疫因子活性及抗WSSV的影响  

Effects of compound Chinese herbs on growth, digestive enzyme, immunologic factors and WSSV-resistant capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：陈辉辉[1] 涂晨凌 唐杨 黄永春[1,2] CHEN Huihui;TU Chenling;TANG Yang;HUANG Yongchun(College of Fisheries, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment, Xiamen 361021, China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]福建省海洋渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《水产学报》2017年第11期1766-1778,共13页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：福建省自然基金项目(2013J01139);厦门市海洋经济创新发展区域示范项目(13PZY001SF25);福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目(2017N5012)~~

摘　　要：研究复方中草药(葛根、黄连、金银花、板蓝根、黄芪、甘草、柴胡、当归、山楂、陈皮和茯苓)对凡纳滨对虾生长、消化酶和免疫因子活性及抗WSSV的影响,为对虾健康养殖提供科学依据。分别在饲料中添加0%(对照组)、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%、1.6%和2.0%该复方中草药,连续投喂凡纳滨对虾[体质量(0.026±0.007)g]28 d(每组3个重复,每个重复160尾),每隔1周随机采样10尾/桶测量体长、体质量,并取肝胰腺用于生长指标(WGR、SGR、FR和SR)、相关酶(淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶、SOD、GPT和GOT)及MDA含量的测定。研究结果表明,复方中草药对凡纳滨对虾的生长均有提高,其中0.8%和1.2%添加组效果最佳,差异显著;且饵料系数显著下降。对虾肝胰腺消化酶(淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶)和免疫相关因子(SOD、GPT和GOT)随养殖时间的延长,高酶活性逐渐由高添加量组向低添加量组移动,其中以0.8%和1.2%添加组效果最佳,差异显著;与对照组相比,0.4%,0.8%和1.2%添加组MDA含量差异显著下降。对照组和0.4%添加组对虾经投喂感染WSSV后全部死亡,但0.4%添加组对虾第1尾死亡时间、50%死亡时间以及100%死亡时间分别比对照组延后8 h、16 h和8 h;0.8%添加组成活率最高(33.3%),与其他组差异显著。复方中草药能促进对虾生长、消化,提高免疫和抗WSSV能力,其中以添加0.8%和1.2%效果最佳。The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of compound Chinese herbs（Radix acutellariae,Puerarin, Coptidis, rhizome, Honeysuckle, Isatidis radix, Astragalus radix, Glycyrrhiza wralensis Fisch,Bupleurum, Angelica sinensis, Hawthorn, citrusa and Poria cocos） on growth digestive enzyme, immunologic factors and WSSV-resistant capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei and provide scientific basis for the healthy culture of it. Litopenaeus vannameis（0.026±0.007） g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 relicates per group and160 shrimps per replicate. The shrimps were fed 28-days with basal diets supplemented with 0（control group）,0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6%, 2.0% of compound Chinese herbs, respectively. The results showed that the growth performance（WGRSGRFR and SR） in experimental groups was significantly increased compared with that of the control group, and the 0.8% and 1.2% supplemental groups showed the best results. While the FCR was significantly decreased. The high activities of Digestive enzyme（Amylase, Potease and Lipase） and immunologic factors（SOD, GPT and GOT） on hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei were found in high supplemental groups, while with the time went by they were found in little supplemental groups, and the 0.8% and 1.2%supplemental groups showed the best results. Compared with control group, the content of MDA in 0.4%, 0.8%and 1.2% supplemental groups were significantly decreased. The shrimp in the control group and 0.4%supplemental groups were 100% death after infected with WSSV, however the time of the first death shrimp, the time of 50% death and the time of 100% death in 0.4% supplemental groups were delayed by 8, 16 and 8 h compared with that of the control group, respectively. The survival rate of 0.8% supplemental group was 33.3%,significantly higher than that of other groups. In short, compound Chinese herbs can promote growth, digestion,immune and WSSV-resistant ability, and 0.8% and 1.2% supplemental groups indicated best results.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 复方中草药 生长 消化酶 免疫因子 抗WSSV 

分 类 号：S966.1[农业科学—水产养殖]