四川茂县叠溪镇新磨村滑坡特征与成因机制初步研究  

The Xinmocun landslide on June 24,2017 in Maoxian,Sichuan:characteristics and failure mechanism

作　　者：许强[1] 李为乐[1] 董秀军[1] 肖先煊[1] 范宣梅[1] 裴向军[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610059

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2017年第11期2612-2628,共17页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(41225011);国家创新研究群体科学基金资助项目(41521002)~~

摘　　要：2017年6月24日6时许,四川省茂县叠溪镇新磨村新村组后山约450×104 m3的山体发生顺层高位滑动,导致10人死亡和73人失踪,引起国内外的广泛关注。在对灾害现场进行大量地质调查的基础上,综合运用卫星遥感、无人机航拍、地面合成孔径雷达监测等技术手段,初步揭示滑坡的运动过程和成因机制,并对滑坡周边直接受主滑坡动力作用而产生的欠稳定岩土体特征和危险性进行分析评价。初步结果认为,滑坡源区山体在1933年叠溪地震中被震裂产生拉张裂缝,之后在多次地震、长期重力以及降雨作用下,最终整体失稳破坏。滑坡从小规模垮塌到主滑体启动、失稳运动、到最终停积整个过程用时仅120 s,其中主滑坡仅60 s,运动距离约2.6 km,最大运动速度达74.6 m/s,属于典型高速远程滑坡–碎屑流。新磨村滑坡具有高位、高度隐蔽性等突出特点,仅靠传统的调查排查和群测群防手段,已很难对灾害隐患进行早期识别和提前发现,必须尽快推广应用现代高精度对地观测技术(如In SAR,Li DAR,高清无人机航拍等),对我国西南山区类似隐蔽性高位崩滑灾害隐患进行排查和主动防范。A large scale bedding landslide occurred in Xinmo village,Diexi town,Maoxian county,Sichuan at about 6∶00 pm on June 24,2017. The rock mass with the volume of 450×104 m3 destroyed the whole Xinmo village,resulted in the death of 10 people and missing of 73 people. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis on the dynamic process and failure mechanism of the landslide based on the site investigation,satellite remote-sensing（RS）,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle（UAV） photography,Ground Based Synthetic Aperture Radar（GBSAR） monitoring and other technologies. The preliminary study suggested that the rock masses of the source area were shattered and tension cracks were formed due to the shaking of the Diexi Earthquake in 1993. The shattered rock masses suffered from the subsequent strong earthquakes（such as 1976 Pingwu Earthquake and 2008 Wenchuan earthquake） and long-term effects of gravity and rainfall,which eventually resulted in the failure of the rock masses. The movement of the landslide lasted for 2 minutes in which the main landslide lasted for only 60 seconds with the runout of 2.6 km and the maximum speed of 74.6 m/s,a typical high speed and long runout landslide-debris flow. Because of the characteristics of high position and high concealment,this kind landslide is difficult to be detected with the traditional investigation methods. It is suggested that the high accuracy Earth Observation Technology（such as In SAR,Li DAR,UAV） should be promoted and applied to detect and prevent such high concealed landslides at high position in southwestern mountain areas.

关 键 词：边坡工程 新磨村滑坡 高位滑坡 隐蔽性 对地观测技术 地质灾害隐患 早期识别 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]