新疆天山天池景区土壤磁学特征及其环境意义  

Magnetic Properties of Topsoil and Its Environmental Implications in the Tianshan Heaven Lake Scenic Spot,Xinjiang

作　　者：全婷婷[1,2] 陈学刚 魏疆[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [3]新疆大学资源与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2017年第6期1286-1293,共8页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461033;41161029);新疆师范大学"十三五"校级重点学科地理学资助

摘　　要：以新疆天山天池景区为研究区,运用环境磁学方法,对景区内81个表土(0~10 cm)样品的磁学参数进行系统测定,分析土壤磁学特征及其环境指示意义。结果表明:(1)天池景区土壤磁性矿物含量适中;以亚铁磁性矿物(磁铁矿)为主导,同时伴有少量不完全反铁磁性矿物;土壤磁性矿物颗粒以稳定单畴(SSD)粗颗粒和超顺磁性(SP)颗粒混合组成,同时含有少量的多畴(MD)粗颗粒。(2)研究区表土磁性增强主要受自然成土过程和旅游活动影响;旅游活动区土壤亚铁磁性矿物含量高于未干扰区,土壤颗粒以较粗的SSD颗粒为主,SP颗粒含量相对少,表明旅游活动对景区土壤产生了一定影响,而未干扰区土壤磁性受自然成土过程影响较大。(3)磁性参数空间分布表明,土壤亚铁磁性矿物含量沿景区交通线、环湖的北部、西北部和西南部呈现相对高值,说明景区土壤主要受到旅游交通和专门服务设施活动的干扰。综合来看,土壤磁学方法能够初步圈定旅游干扰对景区土壤污染的程度及范围,可为天池景区土壤环境污染监测及决策部门进行旅游环境管理提供参考依据。In this study,the magnetic parameters of 81 topsoil（0-10 cm in depth） samples collected from the Tianshan Heaven Lake scenic spot in Xinjiang were systematically measured. The soil magnetic properties and its environmental implications were analyzed. The results showed that：（1） The mineral magnetic concentrations of topsoil samples from the scenic spot were moderate,dominated by ferrimagnetic minerals（magnetite）,and accompanied by a small amount of antiferromagnetic minerals. The main soil magnetic particles were stable single domain（SSD）,a small amount of super paramagnetic particles（SP） and coarse-grained multi-domain（MD）;（2） The intensity of magnetic properties of topsoil in the study area was mainly affected by soil formation process and the tourist activities. The ferrimagnetic mineral concentrations in the tourist area were higher than those in the undisturbed area,and the main soil magnetic particles were stable single domain（SSD） but contained a small amount of super paramagnetic particles（SP）,which suggested that the tourist disturbance affected significantly the soil magnetic properties in the scenic spot. The soil magnetic properties in the undisturbed area were related to soil formation process;（3） Form the spatial distribution of magnetic parameters,the high values of soil ferrimagnetic mineral concentrations occurred mainly along the roads and in the north,northwest and southwest of the Heaven Lake. The results indicated that the soil in the scenic spot was affected by the tourist traffic and the special service facilities. In general,soil magnetism method can be used to screen the scope and degree of soil pollution from tourist activities and to provide the reference for soil environmental pollution monitor and tourist environment management in the Heaven Lake scenic spot.

关 键 词：土壤磁性 土壤污染 矿物类型 环境意义 天池景区 新疆 

分 类 号：S153.2[农业科学—土壤学]