跨境流动就业提高了劳动者的工资水平吗——基于云南边境地区微观调查数据的实证研究  

Does Cross-Border Mobile Employment Improve Wages of Worker——Empirical Evidence Based on Survey Data of Yunnan Border Area

作　　者：杨杰[1] 蒋梅英[2] 罗仁娟 Yang Jie1;Jiang Meiying2;Luo Renjuan3

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学经济与管理学院 [2]云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院

出　　处：《财经科学》2017年第11期99-110,共12页Finance & Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"边境民族地区人口外流对边境安全稳定的影响研究"(12CMZ042);云南师范大学博士基金项目(01400205020503081)

摘　　要：本文基于国家社科基金课题组在云南省边境地区的微观入户调查数据,检验跨境流动就业对劳动者工资水平影响的边际效应。我们以被调查者的户籍和同一地区是否有人到外地经商或务工作为工具变量,考察了跨境流动可能具有的内生性是否会导致经验估计偏误。研究发现,跨境流动就业显著地提高了边境地区劳动者的工资水平,即使控制了年龄、性别、学历、民族和外流前的收入水平等潜在的影响因素,跨境流动就业对劳动者工资水平的提升效应仍然显著且稳健。此外,我们还通过工具变量法的分位数回归研究发现,跨境流动就业对劳动者不同工资水平的提升效应具有显著的"U"形特征,即跨境流动就业对低工资者和高工资者的影响较大,而中间阶层的受益程度最小。研究结果对我国边境地区提高就业水平和劳动者收入水平具有一定的政策启示。Based on the household survey data of the national social science fund research group in Yunnan border ar- ea, this paper examines the marginal effects of cross-border mobile employment on the wage level of workers. We use the census register＇s household register and whether or not someone to go abroad for business or work in the same region as instrument variables to eliminate the endogeneity of cross-border flows which lead to empirical bias. The study found that the cross-border flow of employment increased theirs wages significantly, even controlling for factors of age, gender, education, national and income level before the outflow, the result is still significant and robust. In addi- tion, we adopted quantile regression based on instrumental variables to analyze the different wage levels of cross-border flows of workers. We found that promote the effect has a significant ＂U＂ characteristics, namely the influence of cross-border flows on the employment of low and high wage earners is larger, but the middle class is the smallest degree of benefit. The research results have some policy implications for improving the employment level and the income level of the workers in the border areas.

关 键 词：边境地区 跨境流动就业 工资水平 工具变量法 

分 类 号：F249.27[经济管理—劳动经济]