1993-2015年喀喇昆仑山努布拉流域冰川变化遥感监测  

Variation of glaciers in the Nubra basin,Karakoram Mountains,revealed by remote sensing images during 1993-2015

作　　者：刘凯 王宁练 白晓华[3] LIU Kai;WANG Ninglian;BAI Xiaohua(Colleage of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi＇ an 7101,27, China;Institute of Earth Surface System and Hazards, Northwest University, Xi＇an 710127, China;Geological Hazards Prevention Institute, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710127 [2]西北大学地表系统与灾害研究院,陕西西安710127 [3]甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2017年第4期710-719,共10页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41190084);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404302)资助

摘　　要：利用Landsat TM/ETM+及OLI遥感影像,通过比值阈值法和目视解译法提取冰川边界,分析了1993-2015年喀喇昆仑山努布拉流域的冰川变化特征。结果表明:(1)冰川面积萎缩103.24 km2,占冰川总面积的4.64%,年均萎缩率为0.20%。与青藏高原其他地区相比,研究区冰川萎缩幅度较小。气温升高是冰川面积萎缩的主要因素。(2)规模≤0.1 km2的冰川面积萎缩幅度最大,规模较大的冰川萎缩幅度相对较小。(3)不同朝向的冰川均处于萎缩状态,北朝向冰川萎缩率最大,因为北朝向多为小规模冰川,而东朝向冰川的萎缩率最小。(4)有9条冰川末端发生前进现象。Many researches have shown that most glaciers in the world experiencing a general reduction in area due to climate warming in recent decades. Monitoring the glacier change by multiple remote sensing images pro- vides a useful data set. Based on Landsat TM/ETM ＋/OLI images, glacier boundaries were extracted with ratio threshold and visual interpretation method, and the characteristics of glacier variation were also analyzed in the Nubra basin, Karakoram Mountains, during 1993 -2015. The results show that, compared with other regions in the Tibetan Plateau, the glacier retreat was smaller in the study area. The total glacierized area in the study area had shrunk by 103.24 km2, accounting for 4.64% of the total glacierized area, at a rate of 0.20% · a-1 as a whole. It can be concluded that the increase of air temperature is the main factor leading to the shrinkage of gla- cierized area in the study area. The retreat range of glaciers smaller than or equal to 0.1 km： was the largest, and that of larger glaciers shrank at a relatively small rate. Glaciers with different aspects shrank differently. The maximum shrinkage occurred in northward glaciers, because they were small-scale, more sensitive to climate change. The eastward glaciers had the minimum shrinkage, There were nine glaciers had clearly advanced during 1993 -2015.

关 键 词：冰川变化 喀喇昆仑山 努布拉流域 比值阈值法 遥感 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]