基于依从心理的组织规范稳定性及其演化的模拟研究  

Simulation on Stability and Evolution of Population's Norm based on Compliance Psychology

作　　者：朱侯[1,2] 胡斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学管理学院,武汉430074 [2]中山大学资讯管理学院,广州510006

出　　处：《系统管理学报》2017年第6期1112-1121,共10页Journal of Systems & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71531009)

摘　　要：提出了一个基于依从心理的模拟模型来研究组织规范的稳定性与演化。稳定的组织规范是企业正常运行的重要保证,然而,在特殊的情景下企业又希望固有的组织规范能按照企业预想的方向发展,如组织变革。依从心理所导致的认知不一致,即人们内心拒绝某种规范或观点,但是在公开场合却认同这种规范或观点,会影响在环境变化时组织规范的稳定性。为了研究依从心理对组织规范稳定性和演化的影响,提出了一个计算模型来模拟内心态度、公开行为及其交互机制。模拟实验表明:群体认知不一致值越低,组织规范越稳定;高不确定性个体的认知不一致水平更容易降低,也更容易形成稳定的组织规范;自我为中心的个体最终的认知不一致较高,也容易形成组织内部的对抗;为了在组织变革中成功引导组织规范的同步演化,企业的宣传工作应该循序渐进,注重分散式宣传。This paper presents a compliance model to simulate stability and evolution of organizational norm based on compliance psychology theory. Stable organizational norm is the premise of an enterprise＇s operations, and managers always hope that the organizational norm can evolve to be special type under special scenarios, such as organizational reform. Cognitive inconsistence resulting from compliance that employees may deny the norm privately but accept the norm publicly may influence the stability of the organizational norm. To explore the influences of compliance on stability and evolution of norm, we proposed a simulation model to describe the private attitude, expressed behavior as well as the interactive mechanism between the attitude and expressed behavior. Results from a series of simulation experiments indicate that. the smaller the cognitive inconsistence level is, the more stable of the norm is; moreover, cognitive inconsistencies of individuals with high uncertainty are much easier to be reduced and then it is more promising to form a stable norm; however, self-centered individuals are more probable to present a higher final cognitive inconsistence and are more probable to lead intra-organizational antagonism; thus, in order to guide the evolution of the organizational norm successfully after reform, enterprises need to advertise the expected norm step-by-step and focus more on the scattered advertising strategy.

关 键 词：组织规范 依从心理 认知不一致 计算机模拟 

分 类 号：C936[经济管理—管理学]