大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类及喹诺酮类抗菌药物的耐药性分析  

Analysis of the resistance of Escherichia coli to carbapenems and quinolones

作　　者：石莹[1] 刘亚男[1] 李锐[1] 罗廷刚 王晨宇 郝素云[1] 

机构地区：[1]武警后勤学院附属医院感染控制科,天津300163

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年第21期4808-4810,4814,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解医院大肠埃希菌分布及耐药情况,并对危险因素进行分析,为指导临床合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法回顾性分析2015年1月-12月医院分离大肠埃希菌的耐药率,并分析潜在的危险因素。结果医院共检出大肠埃希菌813株,主要来自痰标本及尿液标本,各占43.54%及37.90%;大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物(亚胺培南)耐药率为2.1%,对喹诺酮类抗菌药物(左氧氟沙星)耐药率为63.7%,与国家监测大肠埃希菌耐药率53.5%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南及左氧氟沙星的耐药率与该两种抗菌药物使用强度(AUD)之间并无显著相关性。结论应进一步加强医院抗菌药物使用管理,规范碳青霉烯类及喹诺酮类抗菌药物使用,避免出现碳青霉烯类及喹诺酮类耐药的大肠埃希菌。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and resistance of Escherichia coli in a tertiary general hospital,and analyze risk factors,so as to provide evidences for clinical reasonable application of antibiotics.METHODS The resistant rates of E.coli isolated from Jan.2015 and to Dec.2015 were retrospectively analyzed,and potential risk factors were analyzed.RESULTS Totally 813 strains of E.coli were detected,which were mainly from sputum and urine,accounting for 43.54% and 37.90%.The resistant rates of E.coli to carbapenem（imipenem）and quinolone（levofloxacin）were 2.1% and 63.7%,respectively.Compared with the resistant rate of53.5% of CARSS（China antimicrobial resistance surveillance system）report,the difference was significant（P〈0.05）.There was no correlation between antibiotics use density and antibiotic resistant rates of E.coli to carbapenems and quinolones.CONCLUSION We should further strengthen the management of antimicrobial use in hospitals,standardize the use of imipenem and levofloxacin,and avoid the presence of carbapenem and quinolone resistant E.coli.

关 键 词：大肠埃希菌 抗菌药物耐药性 碳青霉烯类抗菌药物 喹诺酮类抗菌药物 用药强度 

分 类 号：R378.21[医药卫生—病原生物学]