新疆油田野外作业工人职业紧张与睡眠障碍调查  

Investigation of occupational stress and sleep disorders among oilfield workers in Xinjiang

作　　者：宁丽[1] 关素珍[1] 徐欢[1] 刘继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2017年第11期978-982,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(编号:2015211C013)

摘　　要：[目的]调查新疆油田野外作业工人职业紧张和睡眠质量情况并分析其相关性,以期为今后制定干预措施奠定一定的理论基础。[方法]本研究于2016年1—10月间采取整群抽样的方法抽取新疆克拉玛依市某石油公司在岗2 600名油田野外作业工人为调查对象,采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)进行问卷调查。[结果]共回收有效问卷2 416分,有效回收率为92.9%。男性、吸烟者职业任务得分分别高于女性及不吸烟者,已婚者个体紧张反应得分高于未婚者,年龄>45岁者、司炉热注工个体应对资源得分分别高于年龄为30~45岁者及采油工,前述差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。油田野外作业工人睡眠障碍的发生率为37.21%,其中男性36.48%(445人),女性37.96%(454人)。不同职称及不同轮班情况的石油工人睡眠障碍发生率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PSQI总分、主观睡眠质量、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍4项因子得分在不同职业紧张程度组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]油田工人职业紧张程度和睡眠障碍情况受个体特征影响;职业紧张程度越高,睡眠障碍越严重,应采取综合措施进行干预,从而提高工人睡眠质量。[ Objective ] To investigate occupational stress and sleep quality of oilfield workers in Xinjiang, evaluate the correlation between them, and to provide a theoretical foundation for implementing relevant interventions in the future. [ Methods ] By cluster sampling method, 2 600 oilfield workers were selected from an oil company in Karamay, Xinjiang. A questionnaire survey was conducted using Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition （OSI-R） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）. E Results ] A total of 2416 （92.9%） valid questionnaires were collected. Males and smokers showed higher occupational role scores than females and non-smokers, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. Married workers showed a higher personal strain score than unmarried workers （P 〈 0.05）. Workers aged 〉 45 years and boiler operators showed higher personal resource scores than those aged 30-45 years and oil drilling workers, respectively （P〈 0.05）. The incidence rate of sleep disorders in the oilfield workers was 37.21% （445 males, 36.48%; 454 females~ 37.96%）. There was a significant difference in the incidence rate of sleep disorders among the workers assigned different work shifts and job titles （P 〈 0.05）. Workers with different occupational stress levels presented significant differences in PSQI total score, subjective sleep quality, sleep disorders, and daytime dysfunction （P〈0.05）. [ Conclusion ] Oilfield workers＇ levels of occupational stress and sleep disorders are affected by individual characteristics. Higher levels of occupational stress are associated with more severe sleep disorders. Comprehensive intervention measures are required to improve the sleep quality of the workers.

关 键 词：职业紧张 睡眠障碍 油田工人 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]