2013—2016年134例精神疾病患者死亡案例的回顾性分析  

Retrospective analysis of 134 fatal cases with mental disorders during 2013 to 2016

作　　者：史程 李立亮[2] 叶永红[2] 李凯[1] 孙大明[3] 姜宴[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市公安局虹口分局刑事科学技术研究所,上海200434 [2]复旦大学基础医学院法医学系,上海200032 [3]华东政法大学刑事司法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《复旦学报（医学版）》2017年第B11期45-48,59,共5页Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81571849);全国博士后科学基金面上项目(2016M601507)~~

摘　　要：目的分析精神疾病患者死亡的法医学特征,为司法鉴定和临床关怀提供实践指导。方法收集上海市公安局虹口分局2013—2016年受理的精神疾病患者死亡案例,通过系统的案情调查、尸表检验,对所有死者的死亡原因、死亡方式及与相关因素进行统计学分析。结果 2013—2016年间共有134例精神疾病患者死亡。男女比例为1∶1.23,平均年龄为(54.9±17.6)岁。89人(66.4%)精神病史超过3年,106人(79.1%)生前服用精神药物。抑郁症最常见(94例),其次为精神分裂症(35例)和焦虑症(5例)。死亡方式分别为自杀(117例)、猝死(16例)和意外(1例)。自杀案件以高坠最常见(79例,58.9%)。猝死案例较自杀案例具有更长的精神病史和用药史,多发生于住宅内。结论应重视精神疾病患者的精神和心理状况,同时注重预防和治疗其他躯体疾病。Objective To analyze the forensic characteristics of deaths in patients with mentally disordered and to provide instructions for forensic evaluation and clinical care. Methods All fatal cases were collected from Hongkou Branch of Shanghai Public Security Bureau from 2013 to 2016. The causes of death,manners of death and their relationship with other factors were statistically analyzed based on systemic case investigation. disorders. The male female ratio was 1 Results There were a total of 134 1.23 and the mean age at death was （5 all patients 89 cases （66. 4%） had a clinical course of mental illness over fatal cases with mental 4. 3 9± 17.6） years old. In years, and 106 cases （79. 1%） had a regular prescription of medications prior to deaths. Depression was the most common entity （94 cases）, followed by schizophrenia （35 cases） and anxiety （5 cases）. According to the manner of death, 117 cases （87.3%） were suicidal, 16 cases （11.9%） were sudden unexpected deaths, and 1case （0.7%） was accidental death. Fall was the most frequent manner in the suicidal cases （79 cases, 58.9%）. Compared with suicides,cases that died suddenly and unexpectedly had a significantly longer course of mental disorder and medication use, and were more likely occurred inside their residences. Conclusions The psychological status of patients with mentally disordered should be intensively monitored, and their physical health should also be taken care of.

关 键 词：精神疾病 死亡方式 死亡原因 回顾性分析 

分 类 号：R89[医药卫生—法医学]