低温绝热气瓶液位高度对漏热量影响的研究  

Research on Effect of Liquid Level on Heat Loss of Cryogenic Insulated Cylinder

作　　者：徐颖强[1] 翟亚锋[2] 许璠 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学机电学院,西安710072 [2]航天动力技术研究院,西安710025

出　　处：《中国特种设备安全》2017年第10期14-19,共6页China Special Equipment Safety

摘　　要：低温绝热气瓶中充装的液体因为汽化潜热很小而非常容易汽化,当外界热量进入气瓶内部时,会使气瓶内的液体开始汽化。特别是对没有供气的低温绝热气瓶,在密闭储运的情况下,低温绝热气瓶内的低温液体会汽化膨胀使气瓶内压力升高,甚至发生爆炸。针对低温绝热气瓶的传热机理,综合运用传热学、数值分析和有限元等理论,一是运用ANSYS有限元分析软件对低温绝热气瓶的传热模型进行分析,二是对比气瓶满液时漏热量的理论计算值与数值模拟值确定模型的合理性,最后考虑到气瓶体积、材料的影响,研究液位高度与低温绝热气瓶漏热量之间的关系。研究结果表明:随着液位高度的增加,低温绝热气瓶的漏热量逐渐增大;低温绝热气瓶的容积、材料也会影响液位高度对漏热量的敏感性。The liquid in the cryogenic insulated cylinder can evaporate easily because its latent heat of vaporization is very small, so when the heat outside get into the cylinder, the liquid in the cylinder will evaporate constantly. Especially when the cylinder doesn＇t be used but is sealed stored and transported, the pressure in the cylinder will increase dramatically because of the evaporation of the liquid and this sometimes can even lead to explode. According to the heat transfer mechanism of cryogenic insulated cylinder, the heat transfer, numerical analysis and finite element theory are used synthetically. The heat transfer model of cryogenic insulated cylinder is analyzed by the finite element analysis software of ANSYS. When the cylinder is filled, comparison of heat loss between theoretical calculation and numerical simulation is acquired to verify the transfer mode. Considered the effect of volume and material of the cylinder, the relationship between liquid level and heat loss is analyzed. According to the research, with the increase of liquid level, the heat loss of cryogenic insulated cylinder increase gradually; volume and material of the cylinder also affect the relationship between them more or less.

关 键 词：低温绝热气瓶 传热 数值模拟 液位 漏热量 模型 

分 类 号：X933.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]