入世后国企产权改革的出口效应研究  

Study on the Export Effect of the Ownership Reform of SOEs after China's Entrance into the WTO

作　　者：余子良 洪倩霖[2] 佟家栋[2] 王芊[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学金融学院 [2]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2017年第10期3-13,共11页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"经济全球化调整期的国际保护主义发展新趋势及我国的应对策略研究"(12&ZD087);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"国际外包与国际贸易发展"(H0510204);中国博士后科学基金第56批(2014M561171);中国博士后交流计划派出项目(20150049)

摘　　要：本文探讨了加入世界贸易组织后,我国出口快速增长与国企数量迅速下降并存这一重大经济现象背后,国企产权改革是否直接促进了企业出口。基于倾向评分匹配(PSM)和倍差法(DID),通过对2002年为全资国有、并在随后5年中经历产权改革的10694家工业企业的研究,我们发现:产权改革并没有直接促进企业出口;产权改革没能显著提高企业生产率是潜在"产权改革→提高生产率→促进出口"作用机制失灵的主要原因。这一结果表明,所有制因素并非样本期间国有企业与其他所有制类型企业间出口表现差异与生产率差异的根本原因,进而为探究出口推动因素与进一步深化我国国有企业改革提供了有益参考。The Chinese economy exhibits an important phenomenon of both export explosion and sharply decrease of the state-owned enterprises（SOEs） after the entrance into the World Trade Organization（WTO）. This paper explores whether the ownership reform of the SOEs directly promotes firms＇ export during this period. By studying the 10694 industrial firms which were purely stateowned in 2002 then 42% of them experienced the ownership reform in the following five years, the Difference in Difference（DID） estimations based on the Propensity Score Matching（PSM） samples show： the ownership reform does not promote the firms＇ export; the ownership reform does not promote firms＇ productivities, which is the main cause of the potential mechanism failure of ＂ownership reform → promote productivity→promote export＂. These results show that the ownership may not the major cause for the disparities of export behavior（and productivity） between SOEs and other ownership enterprises. These results also shield a new light on exploring the determinants of export as well as on the undergoing further depth reform of the SOEs in China.

关 键 词：国企产权改革 出口效应 WTO 倾向评分匹配(PSM) 倍差法(DID) 

分 类 号：F127[经济管理—世界经济]