健康信念模式护理干预对胃癌高危人群胃镜筛查依从性的影响  

Effects of nursing intervention based on health belief model on compliance of screen by gastroscope in high risk group of gastric cancer

作　　者：侯宁蕊[1] 陈静 姚晚侠[3] 王瑞君[4] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院麻醉手术部,西安710061 [2]深圳市人民医院手术室,518020 [3]西安培华学院医学院,西安710125 [4]西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院门诊部,西安710061

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第28期3618-3622,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的 探讨健康信念模式护理干预对提高胃癌高危人群胃镜筛查依从性的效果,为临床护理工作提供理论依据.方法 采用方便抽样法,选取2015年3月20日—2016年12月15日西安市雁塔区、碑林区、莲湖区5个社区初筛已明确为胃癌高危且尚未完成胃镜检查的人群,按随机数字表将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各500名.对照组接受常规胃癌筛查教育,观察组接受为期1年的健康信念模式护理干预.比较两组胃癌相关认知、胃癌健康信念得分以及胃镜筛查率.结果 干预后胃癌相关认知各维度得分观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.干预前后观察组组内比较胃癌相关认知各维度得分差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.干预后两组健康信念各维度得分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.干预前后对照组组内比较,除自我效能外,健康信念各维度得分差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;观察组组内比较各维度得分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.干预后观察组胃镜筛查实施率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 以健康信念模式为指导的护理干预为胃癌高危人群树立了健康信念,提高了胃镜筛查的实施率,对早期胃癌的检出率具有重要意义.Objective To explore the effects of nursing intervention based on health belief model （HBM） in improving compliance of screen by gastroscope in high risk group of gastric cancer so as to provide theoretical bases for clinical nursing activity.Methods High risk group of gastric cancer with preliminary screening without completing gastroscopy from five communities of Yanta District, Beilin District, Lianhu District of Xi＇an City were selected by convenience sampling from 20th March 2015 to 15th December 2016. They were divided into observation group （n=500, conventional education on screening of gastric cancer） and control group （n=500, nursing intervention based on HBM for one year） with the method of random number table. And then, the cognition, score of health belief and the screening rate of gastroscope of both groups were compared. Results After intervention, the scores of all dimensions on cognition about gastric cancer in observation group were higher than those in control group with significant differences （P〈0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in scores of all dimensions on cognition about gastric cancer before and after intervention in observation group （P〈0.05）, while there was no statistically significant differences in those in control group （P〉0.05）. There were also statistically significant differences in scores of all dimensions of health belief between two groups （P〈0.05）. Compared within groups, there was no statistically significant differences in scores of all dimensions of health belief except for self efficacy in control group before and after intervention （P〉0.05）, while there were statistical significances in scores of all dimensions in observation group （P〈0.05）. After intervention, the screening rate of gastroscope in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.05）.Conclusions The nursing intervention based on HBM helps high risk group of gastric cancer sets up health belief, improves

关 键 词：胃肿瘤 筛查 高危人群 健康信念 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]