职业性噪声损伤的研究进展  

Research progress of occupational noise damage

作　　者：王陆 

机构地区：[1]河西区疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,天津300211

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2017年第11期24-27,共4页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：作为最为普遍存在的职业危害因素,职业性噪声直接影响着工人的身心健康,并且增加了企业管理的成本和社会医疗的负担。噪声对人体的危害已经引起了社会各界的广泛关注。为了更加了解噪声对人体的危害以及影响职业性噪声危害的相关危险因素,从而消除或减轻职业性噪声对工人健康的损害和影响。文章综述了职业性噪声对人体的健康影响,包括听觉系统、神经系统、生殖系统、血压、血脂、心脏电生理6个方面的影响和职业性噪声损伤的相关危险因素,包括累积噪声暴露量(CNE)和噪声类型、化学毒物、高温、吸烟与饮酒、基因因素5个方面。As the most prevalent occupational hazards,occupational noise directly affects the physical and mental health of workers,and increases the cost of enterprise management and the burden of social medical treatment. The harm of noise to human body has aroused extensive attention from all walks of life. In order to know more about the harm of noise to the human body and the related risk factors of occupational noise hazard,and to eliminate and alleviate the health damage and influence of occupational noise to the workers,this paper reviewed the impact of noise on human occupation health related risk noise impacts in 6 aspects including the auditory system,nervous system,reproductive system,blood pressure,blood lipid and cardiac electrophysiology injury factors,and the related risk factors of occupational noise damage in 5 aspects including cumulative noise exposure（CNE） and the type of noise,chemical poisons,high temperature,smoking and drinking,genetic factors.

关 键 词：职业性 噪声 听力损伤 危险因素 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]