2016年白银市煤尘作业工人专项检查结果  

Special examination results of coal dust workers in Baiyin City in 2016

作　　者：宋荣梅[1] 郝尊敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]白银市疾病预防控制中心职业病预防控制科,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第22期3045-3048,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解2016年白银市接触煤尘作业人员重点职业病监测的情况。方法从性别、年龄和工龄方面对2 810例接触煤尘作业工人的专项检查数据进行分析。结果 2 810例接煤尘作业工人男女之比为9.6∶1。高仟伏胸片异常者检出率为2.56%,男性检出率为2.71%,高于女性;不同性别的用力肺活量(FVC%)<80%检出率有统计学意义(P<0.01)。接触煤尘工人年龄以40~49岁为主,占43.20%,其次为30~39岁和50~59岁,分别占24.05%和22.78%。高仟伏胸片异常检出率以>60岁者最高,为4.76%,其次50~59岁检出率为3.44%,40~49岁检出率2.47%。随着年龄增加,胸片异常者检出率逐渐增加;肺功能检查FVC%<80%检出率为5.87%,有统计学意义(χ~2=13.76,P<0.05)。接触煤尘工龄以20~29 a为主,占29.54%,其次是10~19 a和4~9 a,分别占26.58%和18.72%。高仟伏胸片异常检出率以30~39 a最高为4.07%,20~29 a检出率为2.77%,说明高仟伏胸片异常结果随接尘时间的增加而增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肺功能检查用力肺活量(FVC%)<80%、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1.0%)<70%和FEV1.0/FVC%<70%三者的异常检出率,在不同工龄段差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论白银市对接触煤尘作业人员重点职业病监测工作认识不足,其监测能力有待提高。应及时采取相关措施,为重点职业病后续工作开展打好基础。[Objective]To understand the monitoring situation of key occupational diseases among coal dust workers in Baiyin City in 2016. [Methods]The data of 2 810 cases of coal dust workers were analyzed from gender,age and length of service.[Results]There were 2 810 coal dust workers,male to female ratio was 9.6∶1. The detection rate of abnormal chest X-ray was 2.56%,and the male was 2.71%,which was higher than women. The difference of detection rate of FVC% 80% in different genders was statistically significant（P0.01）. Workers exposed to coal dust were mainly 40-49 years old,which accounted for 43.20%,followed by 30-39 and 50-59 years old,accounted for 24.05% and 22.78% respectively. The abnormal detection rate of high kV chest radiograph was the highest in 60 years old group,which accounted for 4.76%,followed by 50-59 and 40-49 years old groups,the detection rates were 3.44% and 2.47%.With the increase of age,the abnormal detection rate of chest radiographs gradually increased. The detection rate of FVC%80% was 5.87%,and the difference was statistically significant（χ~2 =13.76,P0.05）.The detection rates of the abnormal high kV chest radiograph and the FVC% 80% increased with the increase of age. The length of service was mainly 20-29 years,which accounted for 29.54%,followed by 10-19 and 4-9 years,accounted for 26.58% and 18.72% respectively. The abnormal detection rate of high kV chest radiograph was highest in 30-39 years group,which was 4.07%,and the detection rate in 20-29 years group was 2.77%. Abnormal detection rate of the high kV chest radiograph increased with the increase of length of service,and the difference was statistically significant（P 0.05）. The differences of abnormal detection rates of FVC%80%,FEV1.0% 70% and FEV1.0/FVC% 70% in different length of service were statistically significant（P 0.05）. [Conclusion]The knowledge of monitoring work of key occupational diseases among workers exposed to coal dust are lack in Baiyin city,and the monitoring ability should be improved. We should

关 键 词：煤尘 监测 检出率 高仟伏胸片 肺功能 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]