职业性慢性二硫化碳中毒远期效应观察  

Observation on long-term effect of occupational chronic carbon disulfide poisoning

作　　者：张萍 

机构地区：[1]南京市职业病防治院职业病科,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第22期3053-3056,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨职业性慢性二硫化碳中毒的远期效应。方法以35名退休的职业性慢性轻度二硫化碳中毒患者为观察组,另35名非有毒有害岗位退休人员为对照组,观察分析观察组临床症状、体征的转归,观察两组在血压、血脂、心电图、B超上的差异及高血压病、糖代谢异常、急性冠脉综合征、脑卒中的发病情况。结果观察组随诊时乏力、头痛、失眠、多梦、易怒、健忘、膝腱反射减弱或消失发病率分别为34.2%、71.42%、82.86%、68.57%、28.57%、80.00%、54.29%,与诊断时比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);头昏、健忘、双手麻木、双下肢麻木、手颤、双下肢肌肉震颤、手套、袜套样感觉障碍、跟腱反射减弱或消失发病率分别为88.57%、80.00%、37.14%、51.43%、11.43%、25.71%、100%、100%,与诊断时比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。观察组的脂肪肝、高血压病、糖代谢异常、急性冠脉综合征、脑卒中发病率分别为45.72%、74.29%、37.14%、22.86%、28.57%,与对照组对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论职业性慢性二硫化碳中毒的远期效应表现为中毒者的周围神经病变症状、体征无明显改善;而高血压病、脂质代异常、糖代谢异常、心脑血管疾病的发病率增高。[Objective]To explore the long-term effect of occupational chronic carbon disulfide poisoning. [Methods]35 retired occupational chronic mild carbon disulfide poisoning patients were chose as observation group,the other 35 retirees with non poisonous and harmful work were selected as the control group. The symptoms and signs of observation group were observed and analyzed. The differences of blood pressure,blood lipid,ECG,B ultrasound and the incidence of hypertension,abnormal glucose metabolism,acute coronary syndrome and cerebral apoplexy were observed in the two groups were observed.[Results]The clinical changes of patients with follow-up were observed. The incidence rates of fatigue,headache,insomnia,hyperactivity,irritability,forgetfulness,knee tendon reflexes weaken or disappear were 34.2%,71.42%,82.86%,68.57%,28.57%,80.00% and 54.29%.Compared with the symptoms and signs when the patients were diagnosed,the differences were statistically significant（all P0.01）.And the incidence rates of dizziness,forgetfulness,numb of hands and legs,tremor of hands and legs,sensory disorder like gloves and sock,and achilles tendon reflex weaken or disappear were 88.57%,80.00%,37.14%,51.43%,11.43%,25.71%,100%,100%. Compared with the symptoms and signs when the patients were diagnosed,the differences were not statistically significant（all P0.05）. The incidence rates of fatty liver,hypertension,abnormal glucose metabolism,acute coronary syndrome and cerebral apoplexy were 45.72%,74.29%,37.14%,22.86%,28.57%. Compared with the control group,the differences were statistically significant（all P0.05）.[Conclusion]The long-term effect of occupational chronic disulfide carbon poisoning shows that the symptoms and signs of peripheral neuropathy are not significantly improved. However,the incidence rates of hypertensive disease,abnormal lipid metabolism,abnormal sugar metabolism and heart cerebrovascular disease increase.

关 键 词：二硫化碳中毒 远期效应 

分 类 号：R135.14[医药卫生—劳动卫生]