中国文化背景下积极青少年发展的结构与内涵——基于访谈的质性研究  

The Conceptual Framework of Positive Youth Development in Chinese Context:A Qualitative Interview Study

作　　者：林丹华 柴晓运 李晓燕 刘艳 翁欢欢 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第6期14-22,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"流动背景下处境不利儿童青少年发展数据库建设及积极发展体系研究"(15ZDB138)

摘　　要：为探索中国文化下积极青少年发展的结构与内涵,丰富发展心理学的相关理论,并通过家庭、学校和社区指导青少年教育实践工作,本研究对教师、社工、教育专家、中小学生及家长共112人进行了深度访谈,并对访谈资料进行编码分析。结果发现:(1)能力、品格、自我价值和联结四者相互联系构成了积极青少年发展的核心结构。(2)能力包括学习能力、社会能力和生活能力三个部分;品格由爱、志、信和毅四个方面构成;自我价值涉及自尊、自信和自我接纳;联结涉及家庭、学校和社区联结。(3)中国文化下积极青少年发展的内涵是指健康、充分发展的青少年所具备的能力、品格、自我价值和联结方面的核心特征,这些特征反映了个体与发展情境之间良好的双向互动关系。研究结果与西方文化背景下的积极青少年发展相比,既有相似之处,更存在内涵上的差异。中国文化下积极青少年发展的结构与内涵融入了我国传统文化中的优秀元素,也充分体现了时代发展对人才的基本要求,对我国的教育理论和实践具有重要的启示。To explore conceptual framework of positive youth development（PYD）in Chinese context,further enrich the theory in developmental psychology and guide adolescent education practices through family,school and community,we conducted a qualitative study based on in-depth interviews with 112 participantes which include children,parents,social workers,and experts.Results showed that the core structure of PYD in Chinese context includes competence,character,selfworth and connection.Competence consists of academic,social and living competence.Character mainly refers to Ai,Zhi,Xinand Yi.Self-worth mainly reflects positive self-concepts,confidence and self-acceptance.Connection is typically defined positive bonds between individual and school,family and community.Accordingly,the connotation of PYD is described as the core elements which refer to character,competence,self-worth and connection,are possessed by a healthy and thriving youth in China.These core elements reflect better bidirectional relationship between individual and context.In addition,we found the similarity in the structure of PYD between Chinese and Western culture.However,the significant differences in conceptual framework of PYD existed.In sum,the conceptual framework of PYD roots in the excellent traditional Chinese culture and also reflects the talent standards in modern time.It has important implications for the theory and practice of education in China.

关 键 词：积极青少年发展 中国文化 能力 品格 自我价值 

分 类 号：G44[哲学宗教—心理学]