婚前避孕措施使用状况及其影响因素分析  

Premarital Contraceptive Use and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：楼超华 彭猛业 涂晓雯 高尔生 

机构地区：[1]上海市计划生育科研所,上海200032

出　　处：《生殖与避孕》2002年第4期226-230,共5页Reproduction and Contraception

基　　金：本研究项目为 WHO/HRP资助项目

摘　　要：目的 :分析婚前体检的女青年婚前避孕措施的使用状况及其影响因素。方法 :对 1 995年至1 996年到上海市 5所妇幼保健所进行婚前体检的 2 5 80对未婚男女进行问卷调查。结果 :69.3 4%的女青年有过婚前性行为 ,其中 68.75 %使用过避孕措施。首次性行为时使用避孕措施的仅 2 1 .80 %。在有婚前性行为的妇女中 ,3 9.80 %至少怀孕过一次 ,且主要原因为未采用避孕措施 (占 80 .3 4% )。居住在市区、考虑过性行为的后果、知晓人工流产对今后生育的危害、了解避孕药具的价格和来源、认为避孕药具容易获得、父亲管教较严的女性首次性行为时使用避孕措施的比例较高。此外 ,还对婚前避孕药具的来源、婚前停用避孕方法的原因等进行了分析。结论 :加强对避孕知识和人工流产危害性的宣传及提高避孕服务的可及性和可得性 ,有助于增加婚前避孕措施的使用。Objective: To determine contraceptive use status and its influencing factors among women who took premarital medical examination. Method : Questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 2 580 couples at 5 maternal and child health centers of Shanghai for premarital medical examinatio n from 1995 to 1996. Results: A total of 69.34% of women was sexually experienced. Among them, 68.75% ever used contraceptives, 21.80% used contraceptives at their first intercourse, and after their first intercours e, 35.12% used contraceptives each time. Condom, withdrawal, O.C. and rhythm wer e most commonly used methods. Among women who engaged in premarital sex, 39.80% had at least one pregnancy. The main reason for their first pregnancy was non-u se of contraception (80.34%). The main reason for non-use of contraception at t he first intercourse was “Didn't expect to have sexual intercourse”(83.44%) an d for non-use after the first pregnancy was “Would be married soon”(46.31%). Women who lived in city, had considered the consequence of induced abortion, kne w about the harm of induced abortion on future reproduction, knew about the cost of contraceptives and the place to obtain them, thought contraceptives could be obtained easily, and whose fathers were strict for them, were more likely to us e contraceptives. Conclusion: To increase premarital con traceptive use, it is necessary to increase unmarried women's contraceptive know ledge and their recognition of the harm of induced abortion, and improve the acc eptability and availability of contraceptive services.

关 键 词：婚前性行为 避孕 影响因素 

分 类 号：R169.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]