新自由主义的十大考辨(上):自由的本质内涵和特性  

A Textual Research on Neo-Liberalism from Ten Dimensions (Ⅰ) : The Essential Connotations and Characteristics of Freedom

作　　者：朱富强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学岭南学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2017年第6期149-161,共13页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：广东省创新团队项目"社会主义市场经济理论基础与政策体系"(项目编号:2016WCXTD001)

摘　　要：基于本体论的学理性考辨不难发现,号称普世价值的新自由主义实际上是实质性自由的蜕化。从本质内涵上看,自由具有这样三大特征:(1)它是历时性的而非普世性的,自由的内涵一直在发展、丰富和转换,从而不能以普世而先验的政治经济哲学观来定义自由;(2)它是制度性的而非个体性的,自由本质上只能是一定制度约束下的自由,从而不能打造成脱嵌于具体社会关系的个人主义形态;(3)它是使然的而非天然的,自由根本上源于特定时空下的社会选择,从而不能被等同于天赋人权的绝对律令。不幸的是,流行的新自由主义恰恰是以静态和先验的思维来认识自由这一词汇,进而将不受干预的市场秩序和市场经济视为人类社会的最佳生活方式,从而抹杀了自由的丰富内涵。On the basis of ontology, it is not difficult to find that neo - liberalism, known as a universal value, is actually the degeneration of substantive freedom. In essence, freedom takes on three main characteristics. Firstly, it is diachronie rather than universal. The connotations of freedom can be developed, enriched and transformed. Therefore, the concept of freedom cannot be defined by universal and transcendental political and economic philosophy. Secondly, it is institutional rather than individual. Freedom can only be freedom under institutional constraints; it is not individualism dissembled from specific social relations. Thirdly, it is chosen rather than natural. Freedom is a social choice made in specific time and space; it cannot be treated as the absolute law with a natural right. Unfortunately, popular neo - liberalism is static and transcendental in compre- hending freedom, and considers the market order and market economy with no intervention to be the best lifestyle, so as to ignore the rich connotations of freedom.

关 键 词：自由 新自由主义 制度主义 社会选择 普世价值 

分 类 号：F03[经济管理—政治经济学]