不同修枝强度对平欧杂种榛生长与结实特性的影响  

Effects of Different Pruning Intensities on Growth and Fruiting Characteristics of Corylus heterophylla Fish. × C. avellana L.

作　　者：宋锋惠[1] 罗达[1] 史彦江[1] 故丽米热.卡克什 单新春[1] 王慧娟[1] 陶秀冬 

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2017年第11期17-20,31,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2016B01005-2)

摘　　要：以新疆乌鲁木齐市5年生的平欧杂种榛新榛1号(84-254)、新榛2号(82-11)和新榛3号(84-310)为研究对象,比较不同修枝强度(对照、轻度、中度、重度修枝)对树体新梢生长、叶片特性、净光合速率以及结实特性等的影响。结果表明:不同修枝强度的新梢长度和新梢基径较对照分别平均增长183.18%和42.05%,叶面积和叶绿素质量分数随着修枝强度的增大呈不同程度的增加。新榛3号轻度修枝的叶片净光合速率较对照显著提高20.40%。新榛1号和新榛2号各修枝处理的坐果率和单果质量较对照分别显著提高19.93%、12.82%和14.88%、9.48%。与对照相比,新榛3号轻度修枝的坐果率和单株产量分别显著提高35.46%和15.00%,中度和重度修枝的单株结果数和单株产量分别平均降低14.04%和23.29%。总体来看,不同品种平欧杂种榛对修枝的短期响应不同。不同修枝强度均促进了新榛1号和新榛2号的新梢生长,提高了坐果率和单果质量,但对产量的提升不显著。轻度修枝显著提高了新榛3号的光合能力,促进了新梢生长,提高了坐果率和产量。Three 5-a Corylus heterophylla Fish. ×C. avellana L.： Xinzhen 1（ 84-254）,Xinzhen 2（ 82-11）,and Xinzhen 3（ 84-310） were selected as the test materials in Urumqi,Xinjiang. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different pruning intensities（ control,light,medium,and heavy） on new branch growth,leaf characteristics,net photosynthetic rates,and fruiting characteristics. The new branch lengths and diameters of different pruning intensities were increased by 183.18% and 42.05%,respectively,compared with control. With increasing pruning intensity,the leaf areas and chlorophyll SPAD value were increased to different extent. The leaf net photosynthetic rates of light pruning in Xinzhen3 were significantly improved by 20.40% compared with control. The fruit setting rates and single-fruit weights of different pruning intensities in Xinzhen 1 and Xinzhen 2 were significantly increased by 19.93%,12.82% and 14.88%,9.48%,respectively,compared with control. Compared with the control,light pruning in Xinzhen 3 significantly improved the fruit setting rates and single plant yields by 35.46% and 15.00%,respectively,whilst medium and heavy pruning decreased the fruit numbers and yields per plant by 14. 04% and 23. 29%,respectively. Therefore,there were differences in the shortterm response of different C. heterophylla×C. avellana varieties to pruning. Different pruning intensities in Xinzhen 1 and Xinzhen 2 improved the new branch growth,fruit setting rates and single plant yields,but had no significant improvement in yields. Light pruning in Xinzhen 3 significantly improved the photosynthetic capacity,promoted the new branch growth,and increased the fruit setting rates and yields.

关 键 词：修枝强度 平欧杂种榛 叶片特性 结实特性 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学]