一种铅-铋合金冷却快堆的高放废物积累量研究  

Research on Accumulation of High Level Radioactive Waste for a LBE-cooled Fast Reactor

作　　者：王子冠 李林森 杨韵颐 沈峰 张陆雨 

机构地区：[1]国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司,北京102209

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2017年第12期2294-2299,共6页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

摘　　要：目前商用压水堆积累了大量的长寿命高放废物,放射毒性强,衰变时间漫长,对环境和人类构成了长期威胁,作为6种第四代核能系统堆型中的一种,铅基冷却快堆在减少长寿命高放废物产生方面具有优势。基于此本文提出了一种热功率为300 MW的铅-铋合金冷却快堆设计。利用MCNP程序对反应堆堆芯进行建模并计算了堆芯在寿期初的主要物理参数,详细分析了燃耗过程中长寿命高放核素的积累量,并与一般压水堆长寿命高放核素的积累量进行了比较。结果表明,对主要关心的次锕系核素,铅-铋合金冷却快堆的产生量远小于压水堆的,而长寿命裂变产物的产生量与压水堆的相当。总体来说,铅-铋合金冷却快堆产生的长寿命高放废物总量小于压水堆的,可看出铅-铋合金冷却快堆在减少长寿命高放废物产生方面更具有竞争性。At present, pressurized water reactors （PWRs） have accumulated massive long-lived high level radioactive wastes with high radiotoxicities and long decay half-life, which has long-term effects on environment and people. Since generation ]V nuclear systems, including lead-cooled fast reactor, have advantages in reducing the long-lived high level radioactive wastes, a 300 MW lead-bismuth-cooled fast reactor （LBE-cooled fast reactor） design was proposed in this paper. The main physical parameters of the reactor core were modeled and calculated by using the MCNP code. Then, the accumu-lation of the long-lived high level radioactive nuclides was analyzed in detail and com-pared with the accumulation of radioactive nuclides in PWRs. The results show that productions of the minor actinides in LBE-cooled fast reactor are much less than those of PWRs, while the long-lived fission products accumulated in LBE-cooled fast reactor and PWR are almost equivalent. Overall, the total masses of the long-lived high level radio-active wastes in LBE-cooled fast reactor are less than those in PWRs, which suggeststhat LBE-cooled fast reactor is more competitive than PWR in reducing the long-lived high level radioactive wastes.

关 键 词：铅-铋合金冷却快堆 长寿命高放核素 MCNP程序 物理参数分析 燃耗计算 

分 类 号：TL329[核科学技术—核技术及应用]