第一次世界大战期间的西线华工与中美“共有的历史”  

The Story of Chinese Laborers and American Expeditionary Forces at the Western Front during the First World War and the Shared History of Sino-American Relations

作　　者：徐国琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]香港大学嘉里集团基金

出　　处：《美国研究》2017年第6期40-62,共23页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

摘　　要：在第一次世界大战期间,约有一万多名华工为美国远征军服务。本文根据收藏在中国、美国、法国等地的相关档案和文字资料,从"跨国史"和"共有的历史"的角度,对一战西线华工和美国远征军在欧洲战场的交集及其在中美关系中的意义等问题,进行全方位解读和分析。一战华工与美国远征军的旅欧经历,构成了中美两国之间一段极其精彩的共有的历史。一战华工与美国远征军的互动,小而言之是有助于美军提高其战斗力;大而言之则是促进了中美两国人民的相互理解,从而有助于两国共创国际新秩序。此外,一战华工不仅是中国人和美国人之间的使者,更是迫使美国人正视觉醒中的中国人的使者。一战华工与美军在法国发生交集的历史,是中美两国人民的一份珍贵的共同遗产。在即将迎来第一次世界大战结束百年之际,对一战西线华工的研究具有极其重要的意义。一战西线华工的故事不仅是中美关系史中一个重要和独特的篇章,而且对一战华工史料的挖掘和研究在学术范式上也具有重要的意义,它展现了"共有的历史"视野的重要学术价值及其在中美关系研究上的具体应用。Over ten thousand Chinese laborers worked for American Expeditionary Forces in Europe during the First World War. Using archival and other sources from China,the U. S.,France and elsewhere,this paper examines the rich yet rarely studied history of the interactions between Chinese and Americans and its significance in Sino-American relations from the perspective of transnational and shared history. The paper argues that this unique story was an important chapter in the shared history of the two nations. Chinese laborers contributed not only to U. S war efforts but also to mutual understandings between the Chinese and Americans. Their journey to Europe even contributed to the building of a new world order. These laborers have played a role of messengers between Chinese and Americans and their extraordinary story with American expeditionary forces in Europe should be treated as an important shared legacy for both Chinese and Americans.When the world commemorates the centenary of the end of the First World War in 2018,it is important for us to pay attention to the importance of Chinese laborers in the war and in the history of Sino-American relations.This paper also tries to show how to use the new perspective of shared history to study Sino-American relations.

关 键 词：美国社会与文化 美国历史 中美关系史 共有的历史 华工 第一次世界大战 西线华工 

分 类 号：D829.712[政治法律—政治学]