七叶一枝花种子萌发不同阶段生理生化变化研究  

Physicochemical changes of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis seed during different stages of germination

作　　者：苏海兰[1,2] 周先治 李希[1] 陈敏健 卓景泰[1] 唐建阳[1,2] 单寄坪 林映从[4] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所,福建福州350003 [2]农业部福州热带作物科学观测实验站,福建福州350003 [3]福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所,福建福州350003 [4]福建承天农林科技发展有限公司,福建南平354100

出　　处：《中草药》2017年第22期4755-4763,共9页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-FJ-09);公益性行业科研专项(201507002);省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2014R1018-11;2015R1018-13;201507002);福建省农业科学院创新团队建设项目资助(STIT2017-2-8)

摘　　要：目的探讨七叶一枝花Paris polyphylla var.chinensis种子萌发不同阶段的酶和内源激素调控机制,为其种子解除休眠、萌发不同阶段采取有效处理措施,提高出苗率提供科学依据。方法通过观察和测定变温层积处理后七叶一枝花种子萌发不同阶段形态差异,采用常规的生理生化方法测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、苹果酸脱氧酶(MDH)、6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)5种酶活性,采用质谱定量方法测定吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)、水杨酸(SA)、反玉米素(TZ)、茉莉酸(JA)量;研究种子萌发过程中胚率与酶活性和内源激素量变化之间的相关性。结果七叶一枝花种子从未萌动、上胚轴休眠到即将出苗阶段,种子质量和胚率逐步上升;SOD和POD活性逐步升高;CAT和MDH活性逐步减弱,G-6-PDH活性出现双峰,未萌动阶段和萌动后上胚轴未伸长阶段显著高于其他阶段;IAA、GA3、ABA、JA的量逐步升高,IAA和JA量在即将出苗阶段显著高于其他阶段(P<0.01);TZ和SA的量先升高后降低,TZ的量在子叶分化形成期和胚乳成熟期显著高于其他阶段(P<0.01),SA出苗前期量最高,已萌动胚根刚突破种皮阶段和胚乳形成阶段量次之;CAT酶活性变化与胚率呈显著负相关,IAA和JA的量变化与胚率呈显著正相关。结论CAT对种胚的生长有抑制作用,IAA与JA对种胚的生长有正向促进作用。Objective To investigate the regulation mechanism of enzymes and endogenous hormones of different stages of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis seed germination, aiming to provide scientific basis for taking effective treatment measures during the different stages of seed dormancy and germination to increase seedling emergence rate. Methods The morphological differences of different stages of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis seeds germination after treatment with variable temperature stratification were observed and measured. Activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT）, peroxidase（POD）, malic acid deoxy enzyme（MDH） and 6-phosphate dehydrogenase（G-6-PDH） were determined by routine physiological and biochemical methods. Levels of 6 endogenous hormones, named indole acetic acid（IAA）, gibberellin（GA3）, abscisic acid（ABA）, salicylic acid（SA）, Trans-Zeatin（TZ）, and jasmonic acid（JA） were quantitatively determined by mass spectrometry. The correlation among enzyme activity, endogenoushormone content and embryo rate during seed germination was studied. Results In the stages of non-germinating, epicotyl dormancy and upcoming emerging of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis seeds, seed weight and embryo rate increased gradually; the activities of SOD and POD increased gradually, while activities of CAT and MDH decreased gradually. The G-6-PDH activity levels showed two peaks and the levels of non-germinating stage and stage before epicotyl elongation after germination were obviously higher than those of other stages. The contents of IAA, GA3, ABA and JA increased gradually, and the contents of IAA and JA were significantly higher in the upcoming emerging stage than those of other stages（P〈0.01）. The contents of TZ and SA increased first and then decreased. TZ levels of cotyledon differentiation stage and endosperm maturation stage were obviously higher than those of other stages（P〈0.01）. SA level was highest in the early stage of emerge, and the levels of

关 键 词：七叶一枝花 萌发阶段 酶活性 内源激素 超氧化物歧化酶 过氧化氢酶 过氧化物酶 苹果酸脱氧酶 6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶 

分 类 号：R282.21[医药卫生—中药学]