山西太岳山野核桃林优势种群生态位研究  

Niche Analysis of Dominant Species of Juglans cathayensis Forests in Taiyue Mountain,Shanxi

作　　者：程永生 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学现代文理学院,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《山西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期71-75,共5页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：为了探讨野核桃林优势种种群的生态位特征,本研究在野外踏查的基础上,选取了山西太岳山国家森林保护区野核桃林的典型样地79个,共调查物种192种.针对所得数据运用定量分析的方法分别采用Levins、Shannon-wienerce指数测定了该区植被中优势种群的生态位宽度,并利用Pianka值和Levins值测定了种群间生态位重叠值,且对不同结果进行了对比分析,从而得到各物种的竞争力指标和它们在群落生态环境中的地位以及对于环境资源的利用能力.结果表明,乔木层中野核桃具有最大的重要值、生态位宽度,说明它是建群种.灌木层当中除了野核桃和土庄绣线菊外,其他物种的生态位宽度较为集中.野核桃、土庄绣线菊与其他物种的生态位重叠值突出.草本层当中物种的生态位宽度呈现一定的梯度,普遍存在的是艾蒿,且其与其他物种的重叠值均较高,预示着如果环境资源不足将会发生种间竞争.In order to investigate the niche characteristics of dominant species of Juglans cathayensis forests in Taiyue Mountain of Shanxi,79 typical samples were set up and 192 species were investigated. The niche breadth of dominant species in this vegetation region is determined using Shannon-wiener and Levins index,and the niche overlap btween populations is mensurated by Pianka and Levins index. From comparing analyzing this results,the competitiveness index of each species and their position in the ecological environment of the community and their utilization capacity of environmental resources were obtained. The results showed that Juglans cathayensis was the biggest important value and niche breath in the canopy layer indicating that it is a kind of constructive species. Besides Juglans cathayensis and Speraea pubescens,the niche breadth of the other species was concentrated in shrub layer. At the same time,the ecological niche overlap between the Juglans cathayensis and Speraea pubescens and other species is outstanding. The niche breadth in the herb layer reflects an obvious gradient. Artemisia lavandulaefolia is universal,and its overlap with other species is higher,which predictes that interspecific competition will occur if environmental resources are insufficient.

关 键 词：太岳山 野核桃 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 

分 类 号：S791.254[农业科学—林木遗传育种]