右美托咪定对术后认知功能障碍影响的研究进展  

Progress in the Study of Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

作　　者：王宏玉[1] 朱俊超[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属盛京医院麻醉科,沈阳110004

出　　处：《医学综述》2017年第23期4694-4698,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81401231)

摘　　要：右美托咪定具备镇静、镇痛及抗交感的药理作用,对各种麻醉、手术创伤造成的认知功能改变均有预防作用,并且可以剂量依赖性地发挥抗炎和脑保护作用,近年来已广泛应用于临床麻醉中。术后认知功能障碍(POCD)是麻醉手术后出现的一种中枢神经系统并发症,较为严重者可发展为老年痴呆,因而受到麻醉医师的广泛关注。POCD可以增加术后并发症的发生率,甚至增加病死率,严重威胁患者的预后;目前POCD的诊断主要依靠简易智力状态检查量表。预防POCD可以缩短患者的住院时间,提高术后生存质量,是临床麻醉工作中一个亟待解决的问题。Dexmedetomidine（Dex） can prevent postoperative cognitive function dysfunction caused by trauma of anesthesia and surgery because of its sedative, analgesic and anti-sympathetic pharmacological effects. Dex can also play a dosedependent role in anti-inflammation and brain protection. Dex has been widely used in clinical anesthesia in recent years. Postoperative cognitive dysfunetion（POCD） is a kind of central nervous system complication after surgery or anesthesia,and the severer cases may develop into Alzheimer disease,which is drawing more and more attention from the anesthesiologists. POCD can increase the incidence of postoperative complication and mortality which seriously affects the prognosis. The diagnosis of POCD mainly depends on the mini-mental state examination at present. The prevention of POCD can reduce the number of hospital stay and improve postoperative quality of life, which is an urgent problem in clinical anesthesia.

关 键 词：术后认知功能障碍 右美托咪定 简易智力状态检查量表 

分 类 号：R453.9[医药卫生—治疗学]