福建省1166例成人烧伤住院患者流行病学分析及对护理工作的启示  

Epidemiological characteristics of 1 166 cases of hospitalized adult burn patients and its implications for nursing in Fujian

作　　者：李琳[1] 戴嘉喜 许乐[2] 潘琼[3] 林仁琴 江美云[1] 陈昭宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属协和医院烧伤科福建省烧伤中心,福州350001 [2]福建医科大学附属协和医院护理部,福州350001 [3]福建医科大学协和临床医学院

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2017年第22期3040-3046,3144,共8页international journal of nursing

基　　金：福建省医学创新课题（2015-CX-20）

摘　　要：目的 探讨成人烧伤患者临床流行病学特征,为预防烧伤的发生制定和实施针对性的护理提供参考.方法 回顾性分析了2012年6月~2015年6月福建省烧伤中心收治的1166例成人烧伤患者的临床资料.依照世界卫生组织年龄划分,分为青年组、中年组、老年组,对3组进行比较.包括性别、烧伤原因、面积、深度、吸入性损伤、并发症和病死率、发病季节、现场处理、平均手术次数、平均住院时间、平均住院费用、临床治疗效果等.结果 3年来成人烧伤占同期住院患者总数的年平均百分比为44.72%（1166/2607）.男性患者856例,女性310例,男女性别比例为2.76： 1.在成人烧伤中以青年人最多,占60%（700/1166）.烧伤深度II度最多,占49.4%（576/1166）,Ⅱ~Ⅲ度占35.8%（417/1166）.平均体表烧伤总面积为（11.93±15.87）%,烧伤地点以工作场所最多,占50.3%,烧伤原因以火焰伤最多,占41.5%,现场处理以水冲和脱衣物为主,分别占12.7%和13.6%.烧伤部位以头面部、躯干、手、前臂多见.烧伤季节以夏季高发,占30.6%.全年中烧伤月份7月最多.10： 00~12： 00发生烧伤人数最多.有10.4%（122/1166）的患者发生吸入性损伤.平均手术次数为（0.48 ± 1.05）次,平均住院时间为（23.55±27.71）d,平均住院费用为（42554.14±87877.00）元.3组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 福建省成人烧伤青中年人以工作伤、火焰伤、手烧伤为主要特征,老年人以居家、火焰伤、头面烧伤、面积较大为主要特征.需加强职业安全防范措施,加强对中青年工人的岗位安全教育,同时加强老年人居家的安全防范,降低烧伤发生率.Objective To understand the adult burn patients＆#39;clinical epidemiology features in Fujian province to provide references for formulating and carrying out the targeted measures. Methods The clinical data of 1 166 burn adults inpatients from June 2012 to June 2015 in the Burn Center of Fujian province were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into youth group, middle-aged group and older-aged group according to the division of age of the World Health Organization and the three groups were compared, including burn area, depth, inhalation injury, complica-tions, mortality, morbidity season, treatment and prognosis, the average number of surgery, the average length of stay, the average hospitalization expenses, etc.Results In three years, the burn adults accounted for 44.72% for the average annual percentage of the total number of hospitalized patients at the same period（1 166/2607）.856 were male patients and 310 were women.Sex ratio was 2.76： 1.The young were the most among the burn adults, accounting for 60% （700/1 166）.Patients with II degree burn depth were the most, accounting for 49.4% （576/1 166）, and pa-tients with II^III degree accounted for 35.8% （417/1 166）.The mean area of TBSA was （11.93 ±15.87） %.The site of the burns was the highest in the workplace accounted for 50.3%.The flame burns accounted for 41.5%, which was the most.The site was treated with water and clothing accounted for 12.7% and 13.6%.The burned area was usual-ly on head and face, body, hands and forearms.Most of burn occurred in the workplace and mainly occurred in sum-mer, accounting for 30.6%, peaked in July.Burns occured mostly from 10： 00 to 12： 00. 10.4% （122/1 166） suffered with inhalation injury. The mean number of operations was（0.48±1.05） times.The mean hospitalization time was （23.55±27.71） days, and the mean hospitalization expenses was （42 554.14±87 877.00） RMB.There were no significant differences between the three groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusions The characteristics

关 键 词：成人烧伤 流行病学 护理 预防 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]