论杜甫《乾元中寓居同谷县作歌七首》之“作歌”  

Research on the Poem Composition of Du Fu's Seven Songs Composed in Tonggu

作　　者：杨晓霭[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学文学与国际教育学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第6期52-60,共9页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目"传统礼乐文学研究"(10XZW0005)

摘　　要：杜甫诗中题"歌"之作,共30题45首。其中《乾元中寓居同谷县作歌七首》体式上的主要特点有:篇章每首八句,句式以七言为主。协韵为前六句后二句转韵格式。或前六句叶仄,后二句转平;或前六句协平,后二句转仄。或前六句后二句仄声转韵,或前六句后二句平声转韵。在结构上,每首"首二领意,中四叙事,末二感慨悲歌",以"呜呼×歌兮"唱叹结束。前四首均以隔字反复开篇。该诗体现出"随声随写"边唱边写的创作过程,为"七言八句声诗体"之创格,或承吴地白纻舞曲和清商乐吴声西曲的歌唱传统,可谓是江南吴歌文人化的产物。对这一现象的尝试性分析,有助于理解"乐府声诗并著"的特点。There are as many as 45 poems composed by Du Fu under 30 titles that contain the word song. Seven Songs Composed in Tonggu presents the stylistic characteristics that each poem has eight sentences,and each sentence has seven characters,with the first 6 sentences and last 2 sentences being in different rhyme patterns： either the oblique tone with the first sentences and the level tone with the last two,or vise versa. In the structure of these poems,they follow the rules that are ＂first 2 sentences indicate the meaning,middle 4 sentences describe the process,last 2 sentences express the feeling＂and also end the sentence with the word ＂Wu Hu＂or ＂Ge Xi＂. The creation of Seven Songs Composed in Tonggu shows the＂singing while writing＂characteristic and started a new poem form. These poems could be described as the product that came from the folk songs of Jiangnan. So,trying to study these poem and the relevant culture will be able to help understand the features of Yuefu poetry.

关 键 词：乐府诗 杜甫 同谷七歌 作歌 随声随写 江南吴歌 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]