光伏电池工程模型及几种最大功率点跟踪算法的研究  

Photovoltaic Battery Engineering Model and Several MPPT Algorithms

作　　者：余晓鹏 肖文波 吴华明[1,2] 肖永生 

机构地区：[1]无损检测与光电传感技术及应用国家地方联合工程实验室,无损检测技术教育部重点实验室,南昌330063 [2]江西省光电检测技术工程实验室,南昌航空大学,南昌330063 [3]南昌航空大学信息工程学院,南昌330063

出　　处：《南昌航空大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期40-50,共11页Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11264031);江西省青年科学基金重大项目(20143ACB21011);航空科学基金(20162856004);无损检测技术教育部重点实验室开放基金(ZD201629004);江西省自然科学基金(20151BAB207054,20114BAB201019);南昌航空大学研究生创新专项基金(YC2017051)

摘　　要：利用Matlab/Simulink模块建立了光伏电池模型,通过此模型计算了相同光照不同温度和相同温度不同光照下的光伏电池输出I-V以及P-V特性,仿真结果表明了该模型的正确性。其次,以此为基础构建了光伏电池发电系统模型,通过此仿真模型比较了扰动观察法,电导增量法以及它们的改进算法。分析表明,扰动观察法的优点是跟踪算法简单,跟踪速度较快,采样精度要求低,但该方法并不能使系统真正工作在最大功率点,它会在最大功率点附近震荡;电导增量法的优点是根据光伏电池本身的电导和微分电导特性来判定最大功率点,系统可以快速跟踪最大功率点并且平稳输出最大功率,但该方法对采样的精度要求较高,对硬件和计算要求也较高;因此在实际应用中对于光伏系统最大功率点算法的选取需要综合考虑。This paper establishes the photovoltaic cell model by Matlab/Simulink. Based on this model,the I-V and P-V curves of photovoltaic cells with different illumination and temperature are presented,which shows the correctness of the model. Secondly,the photovoltaic cell power generation system model is also constructed. Furthermore,three algorithm,such as the perturb and observe,the incremental conductance and their improved algorithm,are compared by the model. The analysis shows that the disturbance observation method＇s advantages of tracking algorithm,tracking speed and low sampling precision requirements,while the method does not make the system work at the maximum power point,it oscillates near the maximum power point. The advantages of the incremental conductance method are based on the conductivity and differential conductance characteristics of the photovoltaic cell itselfto determine the maximum power point,the system can quickly track the maximum power point and smoothly output maximum power,while the method has higher sampling precision and higher requirement for hardware and calculation; thus in practical applications,the selection of the maximum power point algorithm for photovoltaic systems needs to be considered comprehensively.

关 键 词：光伏系统 最大功率点跟踪 扰动观察法 电导增量法 改进算法 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]