新疆额敏河干流鱼类群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

Fish community structure and its relationship with environmental factors of main stream of Emin River,Xinjiang

作　　者：刘鸿[1] 牛建功[1] 刘春池[1] 张涛[1] 米乃瓦尔·木依提 陈韩飞[1] 蔡林钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区水产科学研究所,农业部西北地区渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第12期3558-3563,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2012FY112700)资助

摘　　要：2016年10月在额敏河干流设置4个监测断面,对该水域鱼类群落结构进行研究。结果表明:调查共采集鱼类3148尾,隶属于3目4科10属,共计11种;额敏河干流的鱼类优势种为鲫(Carassius auratus Linnaeus)、新疆高原鳅(Triplophysa strauchii Kessler)、麦穗鱼(Pseudorasbora parva Temminck et Schlegel)、斯氏高原鳅(Triplophysa stoliczkae Steindachner)和棒花鱼(Abbottina rivularis Basilewsky)。对各个采样断面鱼类群落生物多样性的分析结果表明,第1断面与第4断面多样性指数较高。利用去趋势对应分析(DCA)与冗余分析(RDA),将鱼类群落在空间上分为3组:1、2断面为一组,其余两个断面各占一组。排序结果显示,pH与溶解氧是影响鱼类群落变异的主要环境因素,其次是温度与电阻率。本研究结果初步揭示了额敏河干流鱼类群落结构特征,为该流域鱼类资源的养护及利用提供参考。Based on survey at 4 representative sections in main stream of Emin River in October 2016, fish community structure was analyzed. A total of 3148 fish belonging to 3 orders, 4 fami- lies, 10 genera and 11 species were collected. The dominant species in main stream of Emin Riv- er were Carassius auratus Linnaeus, Triplophysa strauchii Kessler, Pseudorasbora parva Tem- minck et Sehlegel, Triplophysa stoliczkae Steindaehner and Abbottina rivularis Basilewsky. The a- nalysis of fish community diversity showed that diversity indices of section 1 and section 4 were higher than those of other two sections. According to analysis of DCA and RDA, fish community was classified into 3 groups： section 1 and section 2, section 3, section 4. pH and dissolved oxygen （DO） were the major environmental factors affecting the fish community, followed by tem- perature and conductivity. This study preliminarily revealed the fish community structure characteristic in main stream of Emin River, and provided reference for conservation and utilization of fish resources in the study region.

关 键 词：额敏河 鱼类 群落结构 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]