喀斯特区天峨槭(Acer wangchii)树干液流特征及其与环境因子的相关分析  

Characteristics of sap flow and correlation analysis with environmental factors of Acer wangchii in the karst area

作　　者：吴鹏[1,2] 杨文斌 崔迎春[2] 赵文君 舒德远 侯贻菊 丁访军 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091 [2]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵阳550005

出　　处：《生态学报》2017年第22期7552-7567,共16页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：黔科合人字(2011)12号;黔科合人才团队[2014]4004号;黔林科合J字[2015]14号;黔林科合J字[2014]09号;黔科合SY字[2014]3039号;黔科合院士站[2014]4006

摘　　要：采用TDP(Thermal Dissipation Probe)热扩散探针法,于2012年2月—2014年3月,对喀斯特地区天峨槭(Acer wangchii)树干液流速率进行了长期连续的监测,并同步监测了林分空气温度(Ta)、相对湿度(RH)、太阳辐射(Solar)、风速(WS)、降雨量(Rainfall)、土壤含水量(SWC)等环境因子,探讨了不同时间尺度下天峨槭树干液流特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明:1)不同天气条件下的树干液流为晴天>阴天>雨天,且均呈明显的"昼高夜低"变化规律;2)天峨槭树干的日平均液流量为5.08kg/d,不同季节表现为夏季((8.38±5.32)kg/d)>秋季((5.16±3.99)kg/d)>春季((4.86±3.77)kg/d)>冬季((1.94±1.40)kg/d);3)月平均液流量为153.64 kg,年平均液流量达1838.40 kg;4)小时尺度下,影响晴天、阴天、雨天全天树干液流的主要环境因子都是Solar,但各环境因子对树干液流的影响程度又因昼夜、季节及降雨量的不同而存在差异;5)从年度范围来看:小时尺度下,Solar、Ta、RH、SWC_(10cm)和WS可以共同解释树干液流的63.50%;日尺度下,Solar、Ta、SWC_(10cm)和Rainfall可共同解释其68.50%;月尺度下,单个因子Ta就能解释其74.80%;且随着时间尺度的缩小,各环境因子入选回归方程的个数有增加的趋势,而对树干液流的解释程度(R2)则有降低的趋势。对比其他地区研究结果,其环境因子对树干液流的影响差异都很大;但总的来说,无论在何种时间尺度上,Solar(或光合有效辐射(PAR))和Ta基本上都是影响树干液流的主要环境因子,且各环境因子对雨天树干液流的解释程度都不高,本研究亦如此;因此,以环境因子对雨天树干液流进行预测的时候可能会存在误差,应特别注意土壤含水量对其的影响。The Thermal Dissipation Probe （TDP） method was used to conduct long-term continuous observations from February 2012 to March 2014 on the sap flow velocity of Acer wangchii in karst regions. In addition, environmental factors including air temperature （Ta）, relative humidity （RH）, solar radiation （Solar）, wind speed （WS）, rainfall, soil water content （ SWC）, and the characteristics of A. wangchil sap flow were investigated, and correlations between environmental factors and different temporal scales were determined. The findings revealed the following ： 1 ） sap flow velocity in relation to different weather conditions, in descending order, was sunny, cloudy, and rainy days, and the sap flow was generally high in the daytime and low at night; 2） the average amount of sap flow was 5.08 kg/d, with the sap flow quantity varying in different seasons, in descending order of （8.38±5.32） kg/d in summer, （5.16± 3.99） kg/d in autumn, （4.86 ±3.77） kg/d in spring, and （1.94±1.40） kg/d in winter; 3） the monthly sap flow was 153.64 kg and the annual sap flow was 1838.40 kg, on average; 4） on the hourly scale, solar radiation over 1 day was the main environmental factor influencing sap flow regardless of the weather conditions, while the influence of the other environmental factors on sap flow varied in the daytime, at night, and in different seasons and rainfalls; and 5） over 1 year： on the hourly scale, 63.50% of the sap flow could be interpreted jointly by the environmental factors including solar radiation, Ta, RH, SWC^0om and WS. On the daily scale, 68.50% of the sap flow could be interpreted jointly by the environmental factors including solar radiation, Ta, SWCl0cm and rainfall. On the monthly scale, the sap flow quantity could be interpreted with the single environmental factor, Ta, which contributed 74.80% to the total. With the time scale reducing, the more environmental factors were involved in the regression equation, the lesser interpretation of sap flow quan

关 键 词：喀斯特 天峨械 树干液流 环境因子 不同时间尺度 

分 类 号：S792.35[农业科学—林木遗传育种]