土壤微生物燃料电池在不同条件下的产电性能及微生物群落结构分析  

Performance of soil microbial fuel cells under different conditions and analysis on associated microbial communities

作　　者：王辉[1] 李蕾[1] 曹羡 方舟[1] 李先宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,南京210096

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第6期1141-1147,共7页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21277024);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2242016K41042);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20171351)

摘　　要：通过构建一种新型的无膜单室土壤微生物燃料电池(MFC),考察了电极间距和外接电阻对土壤MFC产电性能的影响,并对阳极微生物群落结构进行分析.研究结果表明,电极间距和外接电阻对土壤MFC的输出电压和最大功率密度有显著的影响.当间距从4 cm增大到12 cm时,土壤MFC的输出电压、最大功率密度呈现出先升高后降低的趋势;阴极淹没在1 cm水层以下时,其输出电压显著降低至30 mV左右,最大功率密度为4.67 mW/m^2;外接电阻从300Ω增大到2 000Ω时,土壤MFC的输出电压从80 mV增大到了330 mV,最大功率密度从14.33mW/m^2增大到了60.40 mW/m^2.电极间距的增加或外接电阻的增大对阳极电势有显著影响,而阴极电势并没有发生差异性变化.通过高通量测序分析发现,土壤MFC和开路对照组中的阳极微生物群落结构存在显著差异.产电菌Deltaproteobacteria,Desulfuromonadales和Geobacteraceae在土壤MFC中是优势种群,其中Deltaproteobacteria的相对丰度高达24.91%,Desulfuromonadales和Geobacteraceae的相对丰度也远高于开路对照组.A membrane-less and single-chamber soil microbial fuel cell(MFC) was constructed.The influences of the electrode spacing and the external resistance in soil MFCs on electricity generation were analyzed,and the associated microorganisms in the anode were investigated.The results show that the voltage and the maximum power density are first increased and then decreased with the electrode spacing ranging from 4 cm to 12 cm.However,the minimum voltage and power density are 30 mV and 4.67 mW/m^2 when the cathode is submerged below 1 cm water.The voltage and the maximum power density are ranging from 80 to 330 mV and 14.33 to 60.40 mW/m2 when the external resistance is from 300 to 2 000 Ω.The anode potential decreases significantly with the reducing electrode spacing or increasing external resistance while the cathode potential is not remarkable variation.In addition,the microbial community analysis demonstrates that there is significant difference between the soil MFCs and control group in the relative abundance.Proteobacteria,especially Deltaproteobacteria as an electrogenic bacterium,is extremely abundant(24.91%) on soil MFC anode.Furthermore,the relative abundance of the other two bacteria,Desulfuromonadales and Geobacteraceae is also higher than that in the control group.

关 键 词：微生物燃料电池 电极间距 外接电阻 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：TM911.45[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]