菜心的养分吸收和分配规律研究  

Nutrient Uptake and Distribution Law of Flowering Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：张雨萌 柴喜荣[1] 康云艳[1] 杨暹[1] 毛妃凤 樊芳菲 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2017年第35期55-59,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省省级科技计划项目(2014A020209068);深圳市科技攻关项目(JSGG20141017093744210);校级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510564124);广东现代农业产业技术体系(2016LM1109)

摘　　要：[目的]研究菜心的养分吸收和分配规律。[方法]以菜心早熟品种"碧绿粗薹"为材料,采用水培方法,研究菜心发芽期、幼苗期、花芽分化期、现蕾期、采收期生物量积累动态变化及养分吸收规律。[结果]菜心植株发芽期和幼苗期生长缓慢,花芽分化期后植株快速生长,生物量显著积累。总体而言,菜心进入花芽分化期后,植株对养分的吸收量快速增长;整个生育期间,植株对N元素的吸收量最大,其次为P、K元素,微量元素中对Mn、Fe的吸收量较大;5个发育周期中,菜心植株体内N∶P∶K比值分别为36∶7∶1、12∶1∶1、4∶2∶1、7∶2∶1、7∶2∶1;花芽分化期,N/K、N/P、N/B的比值均显著低于其他生育期。[结论]该研究为菜心种植过程中营养的丰缺诊断及精准施肥提供了理论依据。[ Objective] To research nutrient uptake and distribution law of flowering Chinese cabbage. [ Method] With flowering Chinese cab-bage ‘ Bilvcutai ’ as the research materials, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to study biomass accumulation and nutrient absorption in the plants during germination stage, seedling stage, floral bud differentiation stage, budding stage and harvest stage. [Result] The dry matter and nutrient contents in Chinese flowering cabbage accumulated slowly at germination and seedling stage, while they increased faster after flo-ral bud differentiation. During the whole growth period, the content of N was the highest, followed with P and K. The plants accumulated higher contents of Mn and Fe among microelements. The ratios of N P： K were 36： 7： 1, 12： 1： 1,4： 2： 1, 7： 2： 1 and 7： 2： 1 during 5 different growth stage. The ratios of N/K, N/P, N/B were especially higher than the other growth period. [ Conclusion] This research provided theo-retical basis for nutrient diagnosis and precision fertilization in the production of flowering Chinese cabbage.

关 键 词：菜心 水培 干物质积累 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S634.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]