地铁所致某音乐排练厅室内二次结构噪声测试与仿真  

Test and Simulation Analysis of Ground-borne Noise in a Rehearsal Hall Caused by Subway Operation

作　　者：邬玉斌[1] 宋瑞祥[1] 曾钦娥[1,2] 吴丹 何蕾[1] 户文成[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市劳动保护科学研究所,北京100055 [2]北京交通大学,北京100044 [3]北京图声天地科技有限公司,北京100055

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2017年第6期120-125,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：2016年北京市财政资助项目(PXM2016_178304_000011)

摘　　要：近年来,随着地铁建设的迅速发展,地铁运行时所产生的振动对邻近建筑室内的二次结构噪声影响逐渐引起人们的关注。为研究室内二次结构噪声数值预测方法,以北京地铁某正线邻近二层音乐排练厅为例,首先对建筑墙、楼板的振动及室内噪声状况进行多点同步详细测试,通过实测数据分析得到地铁运行所致建筑室内振动及二次结构噪声特性;然后采用大型有限元软件Ansys建立隧道-岩土-建筑-声场三维精细化数值仿真模型,对地铁列车通过时的室内二次结构噪声进行仿真计算,并与实测数据进行对比分析。结果表明:地铁列车运行引起的建筑室内二次结构噪声在63 Hz处出现峰值;在100 Hz以下频率范围内仿真结果与实测结果吻合较好;受模型网格划分尺寸影响,100 Hz以上振动和二次结构噪声数值计算结果小于实测值,考虑到地铁运行引起的振动频率主要分布在1 Hz至100 Hz范围内,其对100 Hz以上的振动及二次结构噪声影响相对较小,因此可认为所采用的数值计算方法是科学可靠的,可为类似地铁沿线建筑室内二次结构噪声预测评价提供参考。With the rapid development of rail transportation, the ground-borne noise induced by passing-by trains in subways has been attracting serious public attentions. In this paper, the numerical simulation method for prediction of the ground-borne noise is studied with a rehearsal room beside two subway lines in Beijing as an example. First of all, a series of vibration tests on the structural floors and walls is conducted, and the sound pressure at the room center is measured. The characteristics of the vibration and the ground-borne noise caused by subway trains are summarized. Then, a tunnel-soilstructure coupled 3 D finite element model of is established by means of Ansys to simulate the ground-borne noise. The results are compared with the test data. It shows that the numerical result agrees well with the test result below 100 Hz, and the peak of the ground-borne noise is found at 63 Hz in both results. Above 100 Hz, however, the simulation result is smaller than the test result due to the influence of the mesh size. Since frequency of the vibration caused by passing-by trains is usually in the range of 1-100 Hz, the simulation result is considered to be appropriate and sufficiently accurate. The proposed model provides a reference for similar cases in the prediction of the ground-borne noise induced by passing-by trains in subways.

关 键 词：声学 地铁 二次结构噪声 现场实测 数值仿真 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程] TU311.3[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]