春小麦光合特性与抗旱性的关系研究  

Research on Relationship between Photosynthetic Characteristics and Drought Resistance in Spring Wheat

作　　者：王曙光[1] 史雨刚[1] 史华伟[1] 曹亚萍[2] 孙黛珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2017年第6期23-29,共7页Crops

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2014ZX08002003-003)

摘　　要：以CIMMYT提供的26份春小麦品系为试验材料,在雨养及灌溉条件下于灌浆初期、灌浆中期测定旗叶的气孔导度(G_s)、光合速率(P_n)和蒸腾速率(T_r),分析这些光合参数与其抗旱性的遗传相关性,并对有关性状及相关遗传力进行分析,旨在为春小麦抗旱育种的光合性状选择提供依据。结果表明:春小麦的多个光合指标与抗旱性显著相关;灌溉条件下灌浆初期T_r和G_s的遗传力较大,分别为54.62%和51.55%,灌浆初期Gs与抗旱指数的相关遗传力较大(0.4329);雨养条件下灌浆中期P_n和T_r、灌浆初期和中期G_s与抗旱指数的相关遗传力较大(0.4168~0.4907)。综合有关指标性状的遗传相关系数及遗传力、相关遗传力的分析结果,在春小麦抗旱育种实践中应注重对雨养条件下灌浆中期P_n和T_r、灌浆初期及中期G_s等光合性状进行考察及选择。Twenty-six spring wheat strains were used to test stomatal conductance （Gs）, photosynthetic rate （Pn） and transpiration rate （Tr） of flag leaves at 10 and 20d after flowering （at the early and middle filling stage） under the rainfed and irrigated conditions, respectively. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between these main photosynthetic traits and drought resistance index were analyzed, and heritability and correlative heritability of these traits were also analyzed. The purpose of the experiment was to provide the basis for selection of photosynthetic traits in spring wheat drought breeding. The results showed that a lot of some photosynthetic traits in spring wheat were significantly related to drought resistance. Under irrigation, heritabilities of Tr and Gs at early grain filling were larger; correlative heritabilities between the Gs at early grain filling and drought resistance index was also larger. Under rainfed, there were larger correlative heritability between Pn and Tr at middle filling stage, Gs at early and middle filling stages and drought resistance index. On basis of the conjoint analysis results of genetic correlation coefficient, heritability and correlative heritability, Tr and Pn at the middle filling stage and Gs at early and middle filling stages under rainfed condition should be focused on in spring wheat drought breeding practice.

关 键 词：春小麦 光合特性 抗旱性 遗传相关 遗传力 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]