不同水分管理方式对优质杂交晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响  

Effects of Different Water Management Methods on Grain Yield and Quality of High Quality Late Hybrid Rice

作　　者：蔡志欢 赵瑞 刘逸童 唐文帮[1,2] 张桂莲 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2017年第6期59-63,共5页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：湖南省科技计划项目(2016NK2126);湖南省教育厅重点项目(17A100);湖南省做优做强湘米产业项目;作物学开放基金资助项目(ZWKF201504)

摘　　要：以优质稻品种桃优香占、隆晶优1号、五优308为材料,通过盆栽试验,研究了不同水分管理方式对优质杂交晚稻生育期、产量及产量结构和稻米品质的影响。结果表明,与间歇灌溉和淹水管理方式相比,旱栽管理方式生育期明显延长;对比淹水管理,间歇灌溉能增加单株有效穗数,不同程度提高结实率和千粒重,进而提高产量,而旱栽管理结实率很低,产量显著下降;3种水分管理方式中,间歇灌溉方式的糙米率、精米率和整精米率最高,垩白粒率和垩白度最低,RVA谱的最高黏度、热浆黏度和崩解值最大,最终黏度、消减值和回复值最小,稻米品质最优。表明优质杂交晚稻采用间歇灌溉方式有利于高产和优质。Using hybrid rice varieties Taoyou Xiangzhan, Longjingyou 1 and Wuyou 308 as the materials, a pot-cul- ture experiment was conducted to study the effects of different water management methods （ intermittent irrigation, dry cultivation and flooding irrigation） on growth period, yield and quality of high quality late hybrid rice. The re- sults showed that, compared with the methods of intermittent irrigation and flooding irrigation, the dry cultivation method significantly prolonged the growth period. Compared with the flooding irrigation method, the intermittent ir- rigation method significantly increased the number of effective panicles per plant, and raised the seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight to some extent, thus increasing ultimately the grain yield per plant. The dry cultivation method had a markedly decreased grain yield per plant because of a very low seed-setting rate. Of all water manage- ment methods, the intermittent irrigation method had the best grain quality with highest rates of brown rice, milled rice and head rice and RVA profile characteristic values of peak viscosity, hot viscosity and breakdown value, low- est chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree and RVA profile characteristic values of final viscosity, setback value and recovery value. It is indicated that the intermittent irrigation method is conducive to both increase grain yield and improve grain quality for high quality late hybrid rice varieties.

关 键 词：优质杂交晚稻 水分管理 产量 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511.07[农业科学—作物学]